248 CLASS xv. 



time the adult animals appear to live constantly on land and also to copu- 

 late there 1 . The development of this species has been investigated by 

 C. VOGT; see above, p. 226. Alytes punctatus TSCHUDI, Peldbates punctatus 

 FITZ., Bonap. Faun. Italica, Anifib. 



Note. Here should be referred sub-genus Scaphiopus HOLBHOOK, approach- 

 ing very nearly to Alytes by several characters, agreeing with Pelobates in 

 the spatulate process to the tarsus. 



Sp. Scaphiopus solitarius HOLBKOOK, North American Herpetology. Phila- 

 delphia, 1836, Vol. i. PL 12. 



Ceratophrys BOIE, SCHLEG. Membrane of tympanum naked in 

 some, in others hidden under the skin. Anterior feet cloven, pos- 

 terior semipalmate. Head large. Eyelids protracted above the eye 

 into a conical process. Tongue orbicular, free behind, entire or 

 emarginate. 



MegalophrysKuHL, Ceratophrys GRAVENH.. Head depressed; mem- 

 brane of tympanum small, little distinct. Teeth of upper jaw thin, 

 setaceous. Skin of back smooth. Posterior extremities elongate. 

 (Habit of Frogs.) 



Sp. Ceratophrys montana GRAVENH., Megalophrys montana KCHL, Mus. L. B., 

 SCHLEG. Abbild. Tab. x. fig. 3; on the Island of Java. 



Ceratophrys BOIE, DUM. and BIBR., Stombus GRAV. Head very 

 large, with gape of mouth very ample. Teeth subulate, somewhat 

 large. Membrane of tympanum distinct, covered slightly or not at 

 all. Skin of back tuberculate. Posterior limbs moderate. (Habit 

 of Frogs.) 



Sp. Ceratophrys cornuta SCHL. (in part), Rana cornuta L., Ceratophrys dorsata 

 MAXIM., Prinz. v. NEUW. Abb. z. Naturgesch. Brasil., Lief. XI. male, 

 Lief. x. fern. SCHLEG. Abbild. Tab. x. figs, i, 2. One of the largest 

 species of this family; the skin of the back contains bony laminse. The 

 skeleton of this species is figured in C. G. KLCETZKE (prces. RUDOLPHI) 

 Diss. anat. de Rana cornuta, Berolini, 1816, 4to; Ceratophrys Boiei MAX., 

 GRAVENH. Rept. Mus. Vratisl. Tab. ix. figs, i, , GUERIN. Iconogr., Rept. 

 PI. 26, fig. 2. &c. These animals inhabit the forests of South America. 



Asterophrys TSCHUDI. Membrane of tympanum naked. Tongue 

 oblongo-orbicular, posteriorly entire, thin. Feet with cloven toes. 



1 This peculiarity in the mode of life of this species of frog or toad was first 

 observed by DEMOURS Mm. de VAcad. royale des Sciences de Paris p. I'annee 1741, 

 P. 13- 





