CLASS XVI. 

 BIRDS (AVES) 1 . 



BIRDS are vertebrate, warm-blooded, oviparous animals that 

 breathe by means of lungs. Their heart has two ventricles and 

 two auricles. Their bill projects forwards, is covered with horn 



1 Of the numerous works on birds we here notice some of the most distinguished : 



BELON I'Histoire de la Nature des Oyseaux avec leurs descriptions et naifs portraicts, 

 Paris, 1555, folio. 



RAJI Synopsis methodica Avium, Londini, 1713, 8vo. 



BBISS. ; BRISSON Omithologia sive synopsis methodica sistens Avium divisionem. 

 Cumfiguris aen., Parisiis, 1760, 6 Vols. 4to. (French and Latin text; very good and 

 numerous figures.) 



LATHAM'S General Synopsis of Birds, 3 Parts, London, 1781, 4to; Supplement, ibid. 

 1792 1802, 2 Vols. Index ornithologicus, Londini, 1790, 2 Vols. 



BUFF. PI. enl. DE BUFFON Hist. not. des Oiseaux. (The plates, generally cited 

 under the title of Planches enluminees, are coloured plates, drawn and engraved by the 

 same artist, MARTINET, who executed the figures of BRISSON'S work. They are 984 

 in number, and are subjoined to an edition from the Imprimerie royale, 1770 1786 

 (10 parts, in 4to or small folio). 



TEMM. PI. col. C. J. TEMMINCK et MEYFFREN LAUGIER Nouveau Recueil de 

 Planches coloriees d 'Oiseaux pour servir de suite aux Planches enl. de BUFFON, Paris, 

 1:838, 5 Vols. (in 4to or small folio, published from 1820 1838, 600 plates in 102 

 numbers). A third collection of coloured plates, to serve as the completion of the two 

 former, was begun in 1845, under the title of Iconographie ornithologique. Nouveau 

 Recueil general de Planches peintes d' Oiseaux, par 0. DES MURS. It was concluded 

 with the first part (72 plates) in 1849, or a ^ least has been interrupted hitherto. 



R. P. LESSON Trait^ d' Ornithologie, Paris, 1831, 8vo, i Vol. and Atlas. The 

 plates, which are taken from the Diet, des Sc. not. in 60 Vols., surpass most of the 

 rest in that well-known work, and will be often cited by us. 



For the birds of Europe we note : 



C. J. TEMMINCK Manuel d' Ornithologie, 2nd edition, 4 Parties, Paris, 1820 

 1840, 8vo. 



J. A. NAUMANN'S Naturgesch. der Vogel Deutschlands, umgearbeitet von J. F. 

 NAUMANN, 8vo, Leipzig, 1822 1844. 12 Thle. (with 337 very accurate, coloured 

 plates ; of this work some supplements have appeared subsequently.) 



As a systematic review of this extensive class there appeared not long ago G. R. 

 GRAY The genera of Birds. Illustrated with 317 plates. 3 Vols. 4to, London, 1844 

 1849. 



A chief work for the physiology of birds is still F. TIEDEMANN Anatomie und 

 Naturgesch. der Vogel, 2 Bde. Heidelberg, 1810, 1811, 8vo, being the second and third 



