500 CLASS XVI. 



Coccothraustes Cuv. Bill of the length of head, very broad at 

 the base, conical, with culmen rounded, flat. Head large. Tail 

 short, emarginate. (Tarsus short, strong. First four primaries 

 acuminate, the succeeding truncated, sinuate internally at the 

 point.) 



Sp. Fringilla coccothraustes, Loxia coccothraustes L., BUFF. PL enl. 145, 

 LESSON Ornith. PL 61, fig. i, NAUM. Taf. in; the common grosbeak, le 

 gros-bec, der Kerribeisser ; remarkable on account of its large bill, pointed 

 like a top. 



Pitylus Cuv. Bill shorter than head, high at the base, with 

 culmen curved, tip distinct, curved. Margin of upper mandible 

 waved. Nostrils placed in a fossa at the base of bill. Primaries 

 nine; the third, fourth and fifth subequal, third or fourth longest 

 of all. Tail somewhat long, rounded or even. 



Sp. Pitylus grossus Cuv., Loxia grossa L., BUFF. PI. enl. 154; Pitylus 

 cayenensis, Loxia canadensis L. (by misprint; read cayenensis), BRISS. 

 Ornith. m. PI. n, fig. 3, BUFF. PI. enl. 152, fig. 2, &c. All the species 

 of this division are from America. Here belongs also Loxia cardinalis L., 

 BUFF. PI. enl. 37, which with some other species forms the genus Cardi- 

 nalis BONAP. 



Note. Several genera of modern writers are to be added here. Saltator 

 VIEILL., Sporophila CABAN. &c. of which the species were formerly in 

 part assigned to the Tanagrce, on which cons. BONAPARTE Conspect. Gen. 

 Avium, 1850, pp. 488 and foil. 



Emberiza L. (exclusive of some species). Bill short, conical, 

 with culmen rounded. Nostrils basal, rounded, partly covered by 

 recumbent frontal plumes. Margins of mandibles sinuate, drawn 

 inwards, descending posteriorly; upper mandible mostly furnished 

 with a tubercle internally. Tarsus equalling or surpassing the 

 middle toe in length. Wings with nine primaries, first three or 

 four subequal, second and third mostly longest of all. Tail some- 

 what long, even or emarginate. 



a) With posterior claw shorter than hallux. ( Wings with first four quills 

 subequal; a compressed tubercle in the middle of palate.) 



Emberiza BREHM (and Miliaria ejusd.), Cynchramus BOIE. 



Sp. Emberiza citrinella L., BUFF. PL enl. 30, fig. i, NAUM. Taf. 102, figs. 

 i, 2 ; LESSON Ornith. PI. 59, fig. i ; the yellow bunting; on the upper part 

 of the back the wings and the tail red-brown with black ; the two outer 

 tail-feathers at the end of the inside white ; head, breast and belly greenish- 

 yellow; Emberiza Schoeniclus L., BUFF. PL enl. 747, fig. 2, NAUM. Taf. 



