518 CLASS XVI. 



with the sixth and seventh of secondaries long. Tail elongate, 

 even. 



Sp. Motacilla alba L., BUFF. PL enl. 652, LESS. Ornith. PI. 71, fig. i; the 

 pied wagtail, la hoche queue, la lavandiere, die weisse Bachstelze ; grey, white 

 below, the two outer tail-feathers white, the throat in the summer-plumage, 

 especially in the adult male, pitch-black. A somewhat different species, 

 occurring chiefly in England, is Motacilla Yarrellii GOULD, which was con- 

 founded by previous writers with Motac. lugubrisPALL. ; it is figured under 

 this name in GUERIN Iconogr., Ois. PI. 15, fig. 3. In some of the species 

 the toe of the hallux is long and very acute. Of these CUVIER forms the 

 sub-genus udytes.Sp. Motacilla flava L., BUFF. PL enl. 674, fig. 2, 

 Cuv. R. Ani., id. ill., Ois. PI. 29, fig. 2 ; the yellow wagtail, &c. They 

 make the transition to the following genus. 



Anthus BECHST., TEMM. (species of gen. Alauda L.). Bill 

 short, with culmen declivous at the base, then somewhat straight, 

 subcurved, subemarginate, acuminate, mostly slender. Nostrils 

 placed before the base of bill, oval, marginal. Tarsus longer than 

 middle toe, scutellate anteriorly. Front toes moderate, posterior toe 

 elongate, surpassing hallux, acute. Wings with nine primaries, 

 second and third longest of all ; with the sixth and seventh of the 

 secondaries long. Tail moderate, emarginate. 



These birds have the closest affinity with the preceding; in the colour and] 

 marking of the feathers they, however, have more resemblance to the larks 

 and many thrushes, grey-brown above, and the breast spotted black. They 

 feed on insects alone. Sp. Anthus pratensis BECHST., Alauda pratensis L.J 

 BUFF. PI. enl. 660, fig. 2, NAUM. Taf. 84, figs. 3, 85, fig. i ; the tit-lark, 

 meadow-pipit. Anthus arboreus BECHST., Alauda trivialis L., BUFF. PL 

 enl. 660, fig. i, LESS. Ornith. PI. 71, fig. 2, GUER. Iconogr., Ois. PI. 15, 

 fig. 5, NAUM. Taf. 84, fig. 2 ; the tree-pipit, &c. Species of this genus from 

 all parts of the world are known. To it belong also the sub-genera Agro- 

 doma SWAINS, and Corydalla Vie. 



Exochocichla nob., Henicocichla GRAY, Sejurus S WAINS. (Spe- 

 cies of Motacilla L., GMEL.) 



Sp. Exochocichla auricapilla, Motacilla auricapilla L., Turdus auricapiUua 

 WILS. Am. Ornith. PI. 14, fig. 2; Exochocichla noveboracensis, MotaciUa. 

 noveboracensis GM., Turdus aguaticus WILS. 1. 1. PI. 23, fig. 5, &c. 



Accentor BECHST., ILLIG., TEMM. Bill short, broad at the base, 

 with culmen declivous at the base, then somewhat straight, subu- 

 late, compressed at the tip, emarginate. Bristles at the angle oi 

 mouth. Nostrils at the base of bill, linear, narrow, surrounded by 

 membrane. Tarsi scutellate anteriorly, with scutella sometimes 





