MAMMALIA. 699 



fig. 6'.) The intellectual faculties of the seals appear to be very 

 considerable, and they possess much docility 2 . What has been said 

 refers principally to the common species, Phoca vitulina, which has 

 been most observed and investigated. 



Compare BLAINVILLE Sur quelques crdnes de Phoques, Journal de Physique, 

 1820, Octobre, Tome xc. pp. 286 et suiv.; W. VKOLIK Specimen anatomico- 

 zoologicum de Phocis, speciatim de Phoca vitulina, Traj. ad Rhen, 1822, 

 8vo, c. Tab. ; DDVERNOY Rech. anat. sur les organes du mouvement du 

 Phoque commun, Mem. du Mus. IX. 1822, pp. 49 79, pp. 165 169 ; 

 F. CUVIER De quelques especes de Phoques et des groupes generiques entre 

 lesquels elles se partagent, Mem. du Mus. XI. 1824, pp. 174 214, PL 12, 

 15 ; ROSENTHAL Ueber die Sinnesorgane der Seehunde, Nov. Act. Acad. 

 Leop. Car. xn. 2, 1825, s. 673 694, ejusd. Zur Anatomie der Seehunde, 

 ibid. xv. 2, 1831, s. 313348, Tab. 7577, E. H. WEBER Einige Bemer- 

 kungen ub. d. Bau des Seehundes, Berichte ub. die Verhandl. der Ron. 

 Sachs. Gesettsch. d. Wiss., Math. Phys. Kl. 1850, s. 108 129, &c. 



For a description of the northern species may be consulted : G. FA- 

 BRICIUS Udforlig Beskrivelse over de Grdnlandske Skcele; Skrivter of 

 naturh. SelsTcdbet. Kjobenhavn, I. 1790, pp. 79 157, I. 2, 1791, pp. 73 

 170; THIENEMANN u. GUENTHER Reise im Norden Europa's, vorzuglich in 

 Island, le Abth. Leipzig, 18-23, 8vo, (with col. figures); and especially 

 S.NiLSSON Skandinavisk Fauna, I. sUppl. Lund, 1847, 8vo, pp. 274 317. 

 The same savant also gave in the Transactions of the Academy of 

 Stockholm for 1837 a review of the whole family, of which a German 

 translation may be found in Arch, fur Naturgesch. 1841, p. 301. 



The genus Phoca of LINNAEUS has by modern zoologists been divided 

 into various genera. For this end PERON employed the absence or the 

 presence of external ears ; BLAINVILLE borrowed his characters from the 

 number of the incisor teeth ; F. CUVIER from the form of the skull and 

 from the disposition of the molars. 



t External ears none. 



Cystophora NiLSS. (Macrorhinus F. Guv.), Stemmatops F. Cuv. 3 



4 *5_ 5 



Incisor teeth ^, conic; canines thick, large, molars ? ^, with 

 - o o 



1 In no individual, however, of the Otarice investigated by me have the whiskers, 

 which are very thick and horny in that genus, these sinuous margins. 



2 PLINII Hist. Nat. Lib. ix. c. 13. Compare F. CUVIER Observations zoologiques 

 sur les facultes physiques et intelkctuelles du Phoque commun, Ann. du Mus. xvil. 



PP- 377397- 



3 " Qui signifie front couronne," Mem. du Mus. xi. p. 200, Diet, des Sc. Nat. 

 xxxix. p. 550. Consequently the author wrote incorrectly Stemmatopus, from which 

 again the unmeaning etymology of AGASSIZ was derived ; Nomenclator Mammal. 

 p. 32. The name is an imitation of that of Phoca mitrata. 



