xx LLOYD'S NATURAL HISTORY. 



" 2. Satyriform Group, including the Satyridce, Efymniada, 

 Morphidce, and Brassolidcz, connected with the Apaturidce by 

 Kallima. (Egg usually smooth, globular, translucent, hard.) 



" 3. Nymphaliform Group, including the N mphalidcz, con- 

 nected with the Apaluridtz by Char axes. (Egg reticulate, spiny, 

 soft, with translucent ribs enclosing pentagonal or hexagonal 

 spaces.) 



" 4. Apaturiform Group, including the Apaturidce and 

 Eurytelidce. (Egg varying greatly, radiate, opaque, rarely much 

 higher or lower than wide, hard.) 



" 5. Lycceniform Group, including only the Lyc&nida. (Egg 

 reticulate, generally not spiny, hard, with opaque white ribs, 

 with tetragons.) 



" 6. Pieriform Group, including the Pieridce and Libytheida. 

 (Egg radiate, ampulliform, twice as high as wide.) 



"7. Hesperiform Group, including the Papilionida, the 

 Hesperidce, and probably the Rrydnidce. (Egg smooth, prickly 

 or radiate, with minute flattened ribs, not as high as wide, 

 opaque, dome-shaped.'' 



It was considered a great step in advance when Denis and 

 Schiffermiiller, in 1776, first laid down the maxim, "One eye to 

 the Butterfly, and the other to the caterpillar." But even here we 

 are met with great difficulties, for some larvae differ very much 

 in different stages, and a classification based merely on adult 

 larvae, as is generally the case, often seems to separate widely 

 groups otherwise closely allied; and though little has been 

 done towards comparing larvae in their early stages, enough is 

 known to indicate that it is these which may be expected to 

 manifest their real affinities. Nor have we a sufficient series 

 of even full-grown larvae to make our classification complete ; 

 for comparatively few are known, and our deductions might 

 easily be upset by further discoveries. Still more is this the 



