92 LLOYD'S NATURAL HISTORY. 



most separated from the hind-margin by a white costal spot. 

 There is also a large black spot near the inner-margin, with a 

 yellowish one outside it, and two small black ones in the centre 

 of the fore-wings. The hind-wings have a broad basal area of 

 black, with a wide reddish-orange band between this and the hind- 

 margin. Theunderside is varied with light brown and yellowish. 



The larvae feed on nettle, and when first hatched live together 

 in small colonies, but disperse as they grow larger and require 

 more food. They are blackish and spiny, with yellowish stripes 

 on the back and sides. The pupa is beautifully gilded. 



In Corsica and Sardinia this species is replaced by V. ichnusa 

 (Bonelli), an insect of a more pronounced red colour, in which 

 the two small spots on the disc of the fore-wings are wanting. 

 Other species resembling V. urticce^ but more remotely, are 

 found in North America and Northern India. 



We add woodcuts of three varieties which have been taken 

 in England, one of which much resembles V. ichnusa. 



THE CAMBERWELL BEAUTY. VANESSA ANTIOPA. 



(Plate XVII., Fig. i.) 



Papilio antiopa. Linn., Syst. Nat. (x.), i., p. 476, no. 112 (1758) . 

 id. Faun. Suec. (ii.), p. 277, no. 1056 (1761); Esper, 

 Schmett, i., pt. i, pp. 163, 324, pi. 12, fig. 2, pi. 29, fig. 2 



(1777)- 



Vanessa antiopa, Curtis, Brit. Ent, ii., pi. 96 (1825) ; Steph., 

 111. Brit. Ent. Haust, i., p. 45 (1827) ; Kirby, Eur. Butter- 

 flies and Moths, p. 12, pi. 6, figs. 2, a-c (1878); Lang, 

 Butterflies Eur., pp. 176, 363, pi. 41, fig. 2 (1882); 

 Barrett, Lepid. Brit. Isl., i., p. 140, pi. 20, figs, i, la, b 

 (1892) ; Buckler,* Larvae Brit. Butterflies and Moths, i., 

 p. 52, pi. 8, fig. 4 (1886). 



* Buckler received larvoe from Leipzig, and the yellow-bordered specimen 

 now in his collection in the British Museum was almost certainly bred 

 from one of these. It is accompanied by a preserved larva. 



