2I 8 LLOYDS NATURAL HISTORY. 



two others have no iris. All the eyes are black, with a double 

 silvery pupil. 



Described by Godart from a single specimen sent from 

 Brazil by the Chevalier de LangsdorfT. 



II. YPTHIMA SECTION. 



This section includes brown, tawny, or whitish species of 

 small size, which are very numerous in the Palsearctic Region, 

 though they are also represented in India, Australia, Africa, 

 and Western North America, &c. They have usually a sub- 

 apical eye on the fore-wings, often double, and a more or less 

 well-developed row of sub-marginal eyes on at least the under 

 surface of the hind-wings also. The two most representative 

 genera are Ypthima and Cxnonoympha, of Hiibner. The sexes 

 do not usually differ much, though in the East European 

 genus Triphysa the male is brown and the female white. 



GENUS YPTHIMA. 



Ypthima, Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schmett, p. 63 (1816); West- 

 wood, Gen. Diurn. Lepid., p. 394 (1851); Schatz and 

 Rober, Exot. Schmett., ii., p. 210 (1889). 

 Yphthima, Hewitson, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (3), ii., p. 283 



(1865). _ 



The type is Y. philomela (Linn.), a small brown Butterfly 

 from the Indian Region. 



The species of Ypthtma are small brown Butterflies (some- 

 times varied with white), generally measuring from one to two 

 inches across the wings, and easily distinguishable from other 

 Butterflies which most resemble them, by the presence of a 

 very large black eye in a yellow ring, marked with two white 

 pupils. This is placed near the tip of the fore-wings. On 

 the hind-wings there are usually two or three sub-marginal eyes, 

 similar, but smaller, and with only one pupil each. On the under 

 side of the hind-wings the series of eyes is generally broken, 



