47 



even by night. On dull days, or in the evening, some species, 

 e.g., Pkbeius argus> may often be found asleep on the stalks 

 of grass or rushes. 



NOTE. Attempts have been made to sub-divide this Family, but this 

 cannot be satisfactorily accomplished without a much more extensive ac- 

 quaintance with the exotic forms than we at present possess. For the same 

 reason it is somewhat premature to sub-divide such genera as Thecla and 

 rolyommatits to any great extent. In the present work we shall follow 

 Schatz and Rober in dividing the Lyccenidce into two Sub-families only, 

 Lycanina and Liptenina. 



SUB-FAMILY I. 

 Transformations, See those of the Family. 



Imago. See generally those of the Family. Sub-costal ner- 

 vure of the fore-wings three-branched, rarely four-branched, 

 very rarely five-branched in the male. Upper radial of the 

 hind-wings rising from the disco-cellular nervule. Hind- 

 wings often tailed, and usually striated or ocellated beneath. 



NOTE. As this section contains the typical Lyccenina, and the other Sub- 

 family, the Liptenina, is aberrant, most of our preceding observations may 

 be taken as applicable rather to the former group than to the latter. Of 

 the numerous genera we have only space to notice those which are most 

 important and interesting. Very little has been recorded respecting the 

 habits and transformations of the Liptenina. 



Mr. Distant, in his "Rhopalocera Malayana," p. 196, pro- 

 poses the following sub-divisions for the Malayan species : 



A. Posterior wings without filamentous tail-like appendages 



near the anal angle: CURETARIA. 



B. Posterior wings with filamentous or prominent tail-like 



appendages near the anal angle. Posterior wings con- 

 vex, about as broad as long : CASTALARIA. 



C. Posterior wings more or less elongate, distinctly longer 



than broad : APHNARIA. 



