LYCvENA. 121 



Epping, he showed me the dock-plant still growing, on which 

 he used to rear Lycana dispar. It was the nearest connecting 

 link with the living insect which ever came in my way. A 

 detailed account of the life-history of this insect is given by 

 Newman, but is too long to quote here. It is much to be 

 regretted that the breed of this interesting Butterfly was not 

 kept up, like that of the Gipsy Moth, Porthetria dispar (\^\\-\n\ 

 but the entomologists of the time seem to have been quite 

 taken by surprise, and wholly unprepared for its sudden and 

 utter extinction, though this was foreshadowed as early as 1841 

 in Humphrey and Westwood's " British Butterflies." 



III. THE DARK-UNDERWING COPPER. LYC^ENA RUTILA. 

 (Plate LI . //^. 3, 4-) 



Papilla hippothoC) Denis & Schiffermiiller (nee. Linn.), Syst. 

 Verz. Schmett. Wien. p. 1 8 1, no. 2 (1775); Esper, Schmett. 



i- (0 P- 35> pl- 3 8 > fi S s - i a > b O?? 8 ); Hiibner, Europ. 

 Schmett. i. figs. 352-354 (1803?). 

 Polyommatus hippothoe^ Godart, Enc. Mcth. ix. p. 668, no. 165 



Lycana hippothoe^ Stephens, 111. Brit. Ent. Haust. i. p. 82 



(1828). 



Papilio rutilus t Werneburg, Beitr. Schmett. i. p. 391 (1864). 

 Lyccena dispar^ var. rutUus, Kirby, Eur. Butterflies and Moths, 



P- 55, P 1 - J 4, fig- 12 (1879). 

 Polyommatus dispar, var. rutilus^ Lang, Butterflies Eur. p. 91, 



pl. 20, fig. i (1881). 



The Dark-Underwing Copper was introduced into the British 

 lists by Stephens on the strength of a specimen from Beck- 

 with's collection (locality unrecorded), and another, from an 

 Old collection called the Kentish Cabinet, from its consisting 



