144 LLOYD'S NATURAL HISTORY. 



THE LARGE WHITE CABBAGE BUTTERFLY. PIERIS BRASSICyF. 

 (Plate LI L Figs. I<?,2?.) 



Pieris brassic^ Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 467, no. 58 (1758); 



Esper, Schmett. i. (i) p. 52. pi. 3, fig. i (1777); Hiibner, 



Eur. Schmett. i. figs. 401-403 (1803). 

 Pieris brassiccz, Godart, Enc. Meth. ix. p. 158, no. 138 (1819); 



Boisd. Spec. Gen. Lepid. i. p. 521, no. 121 (1836); 



Newman, Brit. Butterflies, p. 165 (1881); Kirby, Eur. 



Butterflies and Moths, p. 8, pi. 4, figs. 3^, b (1878); 



Lang, Butterflies Eur. p. 28, pi. 6, fig. 2, pi. 15, fig. 2 



(transf. 1881); Barrett, Lepid. of Brit. Isl. i. p. 21, pi. i, 



figs, i, \a-c (1892) ; Buckler, Larvae of Brit. Lepid. i. 



p. 148, pi. 2, fig. 2 (1886); Rye, Handb, Brit. Micro. 



Lepid. p. u, pi. 2, figs. 3, 4 (1895). 



Pontia brassiccB) Stephens, 111. Brit. Ent. Haust. i. p. 15 (1827). 

 It is hardly necessary to say more of this insect than that 

 it is generally common throughout the Palaearctic Region, 

 frequenting fields and gardens, and that there is a succession 

 of broods throughout the year. There is a permanent form in 

 the Canary Islands, P. cheiranthi (Hiibner), with larger and 

 confluent black spots on the wings ; and forms intermediate 

 between this and the ordinary type occur in the Himalayas 

 (P. nepalensiS) Gray) and in Madeira (P. wollastoni, Butler). 

 It is an insect of fairly strong flight. 



This Butterfly generally measures from two and a half to 

 two and three-quarter inches across the wings, which are white 

 above, with a black triangular patch, somewhat indented on 

 the inner edge, at the tip of the fore-wings. There is also a 

 rather large spot on the costa of the hind-wings towards the 

 tip, and in the female there are two large spots on the disc of 

 the fore- wings, and a black streak about the middle of the 

 inner-margin. On the under side both sexes are nearly alike ; 

 the colour inclines to yellow, especially on the hind-wings, 



