174 LLOYD'S NATURAL HISTORY. 



rather pointed, and are of a bright red, varying in tint above 

 in different specimens of the male sex. On the under side they 

 are more of an orange-red, inclining to greenish-yellow on the 

 costa of the fore-wings, and along the inner-margin and nervures 

 of the hind-wings. The female is of a darker red above, with 

 narrow irregular black borders, and an oblique black streak 

 running outwards from the middle of the costa of the fore-wings ; 

 there are also some irregular blackish marks opposite the hind- 

 margin on the fore-wings. Beneath, the fore-wings are tawny, 

 with the costa greenish-yellow, and the apical region black, 

 crossed by a whitish band; there are also some blackish mark- 

 ings towards the hinder angle; the hind-wings are reddish-grey, 

 with an irrregular dusky band. 



There are several allied species, in which the upper side is 

 red, blue, or brown, at least in the males. The female of T. 

 zarinda (Boisduval), a Celebesian species, is dark brown, with 

 a row of yellowish-white sub-marginal spots, and a broad white 

 band within, crossing the lower part of the fore-wings and the 

 upper part of the hind-wings. The male of these species is 

 red, like that of T. nero, but the wings are still more 

 acute. 



In most species, the fore-wings are less pointed than in T. 

 nero and its allies. They are frequently white, with black 

 borders, and often with the hind-wings yellow beneath. These 

 average about two inches in expanse. In some species, with 

 pointed wings, the sub-costal nervure is only three-branched, 

 either in both sexes, or in the female, the male being four- 

 branched, as in true Appias. These form the genus Saletara> 

 Distant, the type of which is S. nathalia (Felder), from Malacca, 

 Sumatra, Celebes, &c. Other species, in which the fore-wings 

 are less acute, and the hind-wings are varied, at least beneath, 

 with yellow, orange, or green markings, form the genus 

 Huphina> Moore. 



