JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE 141 



is high and rather dense the rows should be placed in the back- 

 ground of the small garden and its use as an ornamental hedge or 

 screen is suggested, providing the ground is kept rich and well 

 cultivated. A row of the plants along an irrigating ditch is usually 

 very desirable, both for use and beauty. 



Gathering. The flower buds should be removed as soon as 

 they are well formed and before the scales open. In this condition 

 they are more tender and a larger portion of the scale is edible. 

 As the bud stands at the apex of the shoot, the shoot should be cut 

 to the ground. If this is done the plant is induced to send up more 

 shoots. As soon as the flowers are allowed to open, the growth of 

 shoots from below is checked or stopped. Hence prompt cutting 

 as soon as in condition insures a larger bearing season, but as other 

 vegetables come into condition, the plants should be allowed to 

 make free top growth for the reinforcement of the roots for the 

 next season. 



Variety. The variety chiefly grown in California is the Large 

 Green Paris, a vigorous grower yielding buds of large size with 

 scales very fleshy at the base and set in a broad receptacle also 

 fleshy. This variety grown for succession seems to leave little op- 

 portunity for the use of other varieties. 



It is very necessary that discrimination should be made against 

 poor seedlings which have loose bud-formation and a spiny growth. 

 Such seedlings should be extirpated. 



THE CARDOON. 



The cardoon is closely related to the globe artichoke, and re- 

 sembles it in growth except that it attains larger size. Its edible 

 part is, however, the stem and midrib of the leaf, and not the flower 

 bud as in the artichoke. It is propagated from seed and not from 

 sprouts, and to produce satisfactory quality, the seedling must be 

 pushed to quick growth by ample manure and moisture. The car- 

 doon is hardy in the coast region, and can be grown for autumn or 

 spring use, or for succession at nearly all times. The plant is 

 ready for use in about six months from sowing. It is apt to be- 

 come a bad weed in pasture fields or roadsides. 



THE JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE. 



This plant which will be readily recognized as a tuberous- 

 rooted sunflower, is exceedingly prolific in California. It is not 



