80 BIRDS. 



jj. No chestnut on \ving ; breast uustreaked ; head with 

 black, white and chestnut ; tail nearly as long as 



wings CIIONDESTES, 12. 



hh. Tail feathers rigid, acute, almost scansorial ; small 

 streaked marsh-sparrows with yellow-edged wings. 



AMMODRAMUS, 11. 



JMi. Tail feathers more or less rounded and soft, none of 

 them white. 



k. Wings decidedly longer than tail. 

 I With crimson or clear (not rusty) red ; a ruff at base 

 of bill. 



m. Crown crimson ; Chin dusky. . ACANTHIS, 5. 



mm. Crown, chin, throat and often whole plumage 



washed with red. . . $ of CARPODACUS, 3. 



II. With definite yellow some where. 



n. Bases and edges of quills and tail feathers yellow; 



bill acute. . . . CIIRYSOMITRIS, 6. 

 nn. Rump sulphur yellow; bijl with a small ruff. 



ACANTHIS, 5. 

 nnn. Edge of wing and superciliary line or spot at 



least, yellow or yellowish ; no ruff. 



o. Breast yellow ; throat patch or streaks black , 

 bill bluish SPIZA, 19. 



oo. Breast buffy or streaky ; wings less than 2i ; 

 tail feathers narrow. . AMMODHAMUS, 11. 



ooo. Breast streaked ; wings more than 2i ; inner 

 secondaries nearly as long as primaries. 



PASSERCULUS, 9. 



III. With no definite crimson nor yellow any where. 



p. Introduced birds, not streaked below ; throat black 



in $ PASSER, 8. 



pp. Native bird?, much streaked below. 



q. Inner claw reaching at least half way to tip of 

 middle claw ; tail, wings, etc., with much 

 chestnut red; wings more than 3; no ruff. 



PASSERELLA, 18, 



