224 PREPARING FOR WINTER QUARTERS. 



well before winter, while raspberries do better 

 or a moist loam. A little shade is to the 

 advantage of the latter also, and therefore it is 

 well to set out standard pear-trees among them. 

 The thorough cultivation required by the rasp- 

 berries will greatly stimulate the growth of the 

 trees, and their partial shade will be a benefit. 



Cold frames should be ready the latter part 

 of this month. Mine are made in the following 

 simple, inexpensive way. A dry piece of ground 

 is selected, which will be in no danger from 

 melting snow and water, during the winter. 

 The location should be sheltered from the north 

 and west if possible. I sometimes excavate the 

 soil two feet, throwing the good surface earth in 

 one place, and the subsoil in another ; then fill 

 ing up the pit again, to the depth (f one foot, 

 with the best soil. Around the edge of this pit 

 boards are placed, so as to form a simple box 

 according in size to my sash. This box is made 



