56 History of Nature. [BOOK V. 



were produced. 1 Hitherto the Way to the Garamantes was 

 intricate, by reason of the Robbers of that Nation, who used 

 to dig Pits in the Way (which to them that know the Places 

 is no hard matter to do) and then cover them with Sand. 

 But in the last War which the Romans maintained against the 

 Oeenses, under the conduct of Vespasian the Emperor, there 

 was found a short Way of four Days' Journey : and this Way 

 is called Prceter caput Saxi [beside the Rock's Head]. The 

 Frontier of Cyrenaica is called Catabathmos ; which is a Town 

 and a Valley with a sudden Descent. To this Bound, from 

 the Lesser Syrtis, Cyrenaica Africa lieth in Length 1060 

 Miles, and in Breadth, for so much as is known, 800. 



CHAPTER VI. 



Libya Mareotis. 



THE Country following is named Mareotis Libya, bounded 

 by Egypt; inhabited by the Marmaridae, Adyrmachidse, and 

 then the Mareotae. The Measure from Catabathmos to Pa- 

 retonium is 86 Miles. In that Tract there lieth in the way 

 the Village Apis, a place noble for the Religion of Egypt. 

 From it to Paraetonium, 12 Miles. From thence to Alexan- 

 dria, 200 Miles: the Breadth is 169 Miles. Eratosthenes 

 hath delivered, That from Cyrenae to Alexandria by Land the 

 Journey is 525 Miles. Agrippa saith, that the Length of all 

 Africa from the Atlantic Sea, with the inferior part of Egypt, 

 containeth 3040 Miles. Polybius and Eratosthenes, reputed 

 the most diligent, have set down from the Ocean to great 

 Carthage 600 Miles : from thence to Canopicum, the nearest 

 Mouth of Nilus, 1630 Miles. Isidorus reckoneth from Tingi 

 to Canopus 3599 Miles ; and Artemidorus, 40 less than 

 Jsiodorus. 



1 Some editions read Titus prodidit, while others have titulus prcecepit. 



In the triumph of Vespasian and Titus, so minutely described by 

 Josephus (" Wars of the Jews," book vii. cap. 5) a title was affixed to 

 the several images carried in procession, containing the names of the con- 

 quered nations and towns, with mention of their chief productions. 

 Wern. Club. 



