82 History of Nature. [BooK V. 



a little off, Pyrnos. The Port Cressa, from which the Island 

 Rhodus is distant 20 Miles. The Place Loryma ; the Towns 

 Tysanusa, Taridion, Larymna; the Bay Thymnias, and the 

 Promontory Aphrodisias ; the Town Hyda, the Bay Schcenus. 

 The Country Bubassus ; where stood the Town Acanthus, 

 otherwise called Dulopolis. On the Promontory is the Free 

 (Town) Gnidos, Triopia, then Pegusa, called likewise Stadia. 

 Beyond which Doris beginneth. But first it is convenient to 

 have pointed out the midland Jurisdictions and the Parts 

 which lie behind : one is named Cibiratica. The Town itself 

 is in Phrygia, and to it are joined 25 Cities. 



CHAPTER XXIX. 

 Laodicea, Apamia, Ionia, Ephesus. 



THE most celebrated City is Laodicea. 1 It is seated on 

 the River Lycus, Asopus and Caper washing its Sides. This 

 City was first called Diospolis, and afterwards Rhoas. The 

 other Nations belonging to that Jurisdiction worth the Nam- 

 ing are the Hydrelitse, Themisones, and Hierapolitae. Another 

 Jurisdiction taketh its Name from Synnada: and to it repair 

 the Licaones, Appiani, Eucarpeni, Dorylaei, Midsei, Julienses, 

 and fifteen other ignoble People. A third (Jurisdiction) 

 goeth to Apamia, which in old Time was called Celsenae, and 

 afterwards Ciboton. It is situated at the Foot of the Moun- 



1 Laodicea, so named in honour of Laodice, wife of Antiochus II., by 

 whom the city was enlarged. From all accounts it appears to have been 

 built on a volcanic hill, and boasted, in its prosperity, many public build- 

 ings of note, of which the remains of an aqueduct and amphitheatre are 

 still to be seen. 



Ephesus was the capital of Proconsular Asia, and was situated in Ionia 

 (now Natolia), about five miles from the -ZEgean Sea, on the sides and 

 at the foot of a range of mountains overlooking a fine plain watered and 

 fertilised by the river Cayster. The city was celebrated for the Temple 

 of Diana, a most magnificent edifice, erected at the common expense 

 of the inhabitants of Asia Proper, and described by Pliny, b. xxxvi. c. 14, 

 but of which the site is now unknown. Ephesus was finally overthrown 

 in the fourteenth century, after continued struggles. There are numerous 

 traces of its magnificence still extant, though the neighbouring country 

 bears all the marks of desolation and decay. Wern. Club. 



