Xll CONTENTS 



CHAPTER IX. EFFECT OF HEAT ON VOLUME M 



Cohesion Melting point Expansion of gases Effects of 

 withdrawing heat Casting Some practical applications 

 Practical exercises. 



CHAPTER X. HEAT AND CHANGE OP STATE 60 



The calorie Specific heat Latent heat Practical applica- 

 tions Practical exercises. 



CHAPTER XI. PRESSURE AND CHANGE OF STATE 66 



Boiling affected by pressure Compression of gases Heat and 

 compression The pressure cooker Refrigeration Other 

 uses of pressure Practical exercises. 



CHAPTER XII. COMBUSTION AND OXIDATION 72 



Activity of oxygen Heat and light from oxidation Kindling 

 temperature Products of combustion Preparing oxygen 

 and carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide The Bunsen burner. 

 Practical exercises. 



CHAPTER XIII. CONDUCTION AND RADIATION 83 



Transference of heat Conduction Radiation Insulators 

 Absorption and reflection Distribution of heat The lag in 

 temperature The effects of gas and dust on radiation Heat 

 and living things Uses of radiation and conduction Practical 

 exercises. 



CHAPTER XIV. CONVECTION 95 



Convection currents Winds Convection in liquids Con- 

 vection and frost Practical exercises. 



CHAPTER XV. EVAPORATION 101 



Conditions affecting evaporation Boiling Gases and vapors 

 Uses of evaporation Practical exercises. 



CHAPTER XVI. MOISTURE IN THE AIR 106 



Variation in amount Humidity The hygrometer Forms of 

 condensation Cloud forms Practical exercises. 



CHAPTER XVIi. CAPILLARITY AND OSMOSIS 113 



Water surfaces Absorption by capillarity Deliquescence 

 Shrinking and warping Osmosis Practical exercises. 



CHAPTER XVIII. PRESSURE OF THE AIR 119 



The atmosphere Weight of the air Function of the air con- 

 stituents The barometer Lift pumps and siphons Practical 

 exercises. 



CHAPTER XIX. SOLUTIONS 129 



Solutes and solvents Conditions affecting solution Strength 

 of solutions Crystallization Mineral waters Hard water 



