POTASSIUM PICKATE AND CHLORATE. 465 



1 kgm. both bodies are nearly in equal weights, 504 grms. of 

 picrate to 496 grms. of nitrate. This composition is that of 

 torpedo powders. 



3. The heat liberated amounts to + 538-0 Gal. (water liquid), 

 or + 528-2 Cal. (water gaseous) ; or, for 1 kgm., 1015 Cal., or 

 997 Cal. 



4. The reduced volume of the gases = 170 litres (water 

 gaseous), or 116 litres (liquid water and bicarbonate) ; or, for 

 1 kgm., 326 litres, or 246 litres. 



. 6320 atm. 



5. The theoretical pressure is ; it does not greatly 



fb ~ \J*i\. 



differ from the value for pure potassium picrate. 



6. The potassium picrate powders proposed for cannons and 

 guns have a different composition. The amount of picrate has 

 been diminished in order to reduce its shattering properties, and 

 it has been replaced by carbon ; for cannons, 9 parts by weight 

 of picrate, 80 of nitre ; for guns, 23 parts of picrate, 69 of nitre, 

 8 of carbon, etc. 



5. POTASSIUM PICRATE WITH CHLORATE. 



1. The total combustion of potassium picrate by potassium 

 chlorate corresponds to the formula 



6C 6 H 2 K(N0 2 ) 3 + 13KC10 3 = 3K 2 C0 3 + 33C0 2 + 6H 2 + 



18N + 13KC1, 

 or rather 



6KHC0 3 + 30C0 2 + 3H 2 + 18N + 13KC1. 



2. The equivalent weight is 267 grms. of picrate to 265*7 of 

 chlorate ; in all, 532'7 grms. 



For 1 kgm., 502 grms. of picrate and 498 grms. of chlorate ; 

 that is to say, nearly equal weights. The composition is, more- 

 over, very nearly the same by weight for the nitrated and the 

 chlorated powders, owing to a numerical coincidence in the 

 equivalents. 



3. The heat liberated will be 622-2 Cal. (gaseous water and 

 carbonate), or 647'6 (liquid water and bicarbonate) ; or, for 

 1 kgm., 1168 Cal., or 1214 Cal. 



4. The reduced volume of the gases, 178 -6 litres (gaseous 

 water), or 145 litres (liquid water, bicarbonate) ; or, for 1 kgm., 

 335 litres, or 272 litres. 



5. The permanent pressure = - ', with the usual 



exception. 



8200 atm 



6. The theoretical pressure, n 01 ', is about a third 



n U'AL 



greater than that of nitrated picrate and that of pure picrate. 

 But it hardly reaches half of that of dynamite or gun-cotton. 



2H 



