SECT, ir 



PHANEROGAMIA 



061 



Piper cuhcba (Fig. 536). The latter is a native of Java and is distinguislied by 

 the stalk-like base of the fruit from that of the Black Pepper. It provides 



CUBEBAE FRUCTUS. 



The orders 8-10 constitute parallel series leading from the simplest 

 flowers to the Dialypetalae, l:»ut are not directly connected with one 

 another. 



Order 8. Hamamelidinae 



Woody plants, with stipulate leaves. Flowers as a rule inconspicuous, without 

 }ierianth and anemophilous. Conspicuous, entoraophilous, flowers with a simple, 

 or more rarely double, perianth also occur. A transitional order leading to the 

 Dialypetalae ; formerly placed with the Saxifragiuae. 



Family 1. Hamamelidaceae. — AVoody plants of the tropics and sub -tropics. 

 Liquidumher styracifiua is a common tree in North American forests. Flowers 

 monoecious in heads ; male flowers apetalous, AUingia cxcclsa in the mountniii 

 forests of West Java ; female flowers with a perianth and a bilocular ovary. 



Official. — Stykax PiiAEPAi:ATUS from Liquiclamhar orientalis. Hamamelidis 

 CORTEX and FOLIA from Hanutmclis virginia/ia. 



Family 2. Platanaceae. — Stately trees with alternate, three- to five-loljcd 

 leaves and large stipules. Flowers diclinous, monoecious, in small spherical heads, 

 three or four of which are 

 borne at some distance from 

 one another on pendulous 

 stalks. Male flowers with 

 three to four stamens ; 

 lemale flowers with four- 

 free carpels. Perianth in- 

 conspicuous. Natives of 

 Western Asia and North 

 America. 



Fio. 537. — CJvule of Euphorbia 

 dioica showing the obturator. 

 (After Pax in Eiighr-I'rautl.) 



Fio. ,138. — .Vercurialig aniiua (^ iiat. size). Male jilant in 

 flower and single male flower. Portion of a female plant. 

 single female flower and fruit, fomoxoi's. 



Platanus orientalis and P. occidentalis are commonly planted as shade trees by 

 the sides of streets. 



Order 9. Trieoeeae (^^) 



The large Family of the Euphorbiaeeae which belongs to this 

 order is of much greater importance than the small family which is 



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