580 



BOTANY 



PART II 



which protect the structures in the bud. Flowei's and fruit as in the Ranuncu- 

 laceae, but the pollen-grains have only one place of exit for the pollen-tube. Oil- 

 cells in stem and leaf. Species of Magnolia are largely cultivated on account of 

 their showy flowers. Liriodendron (Tulip tree), N. America. 



Official. — Anisi stel- 

 LATi FRUCTUS, Star -anise, 

 is obtained from Illicium 

 anisatum (China). The 

 fruits of Illiciuiii rcligiosum 

 (Japan) are poisonous. 



Family 4. Anonaceae.^ — 

 Woodj- plants of tropical 

 Asia and America. K 3, 

 C3 + 3, in other respects 

 like the preceding families. 

 Seeds with ruminated en- 

 dosperm. Species of Anona 

 yield succulent fruits. A 

 perfume is obtained from 

 Cananga odorata. 



Family 5. Myristica- 

 ceae (^'). — Tropical, woody 

 jjlants. Dioecious. My- 

 ristica fragrans (Figs. 567, 

 568). The male and female 

 flowers are similar in appear- 

 ance and resemble those of 

 the Lily of the Valley ; 

 ])erianth simple, trimerous. 

 Male flower with a central 

 column around which S-l.'i 

 adherent anthers are ar- 

 ranged. Female flower with 

 one ovule enclosed by the 

 single carpel. Fruit berry- 

 like, with coarse flesh, but 

 dehiscent. Seed with rumin- 

 ated endosperm and arillus. 

 Official. — Myristica, 

 Nutmeg. The seed of My- 

 ristica fragrans divested of 

 its testa. 



Family 6. Bertaeridaceae. 

 — Flowers formed of a vary- 

 ing number of trimerous 

 whorls. Carpel always solitary. K3-)-3, C3-f 3, A3-f3, Gl. li\ Berbcris vulgaris 

 the leaves on the shoots of unlimited growth are transformed into spines ; the 

 short shoots bear simple leaves and terminate in racemes of flowers. The stamens 

 are irritable to contact (cf. p. 324). With the exception of the genus Berbcris the 

 family is confined to the north temi)erate >;onc. 



Official. — Podoi'HVlli riiizoma obtained from Podophyllum pcltatum 



Fig. 566. — Hydrastis canadensis (.V iiat. size). The aiiocarpous 

 fruit to the left. Orr/ci.t/.. 



