SECT. II 



PHANEROGAMIA 



601 



cultivated as ornamental plants ; tlie peculiar scent of the vegetative organs is 

 due to the etliereal oil secreted by the glandular liairs. 



Family 2. Tropaeolaceae. — Tropaeohcm majus, Indian Cress, climbs by help 

 of the petioles. Flowers zygomorphic, spurred, with 8 stamens and 3 carpels. 

 Fruit, a capsule. Leaves peltate (cf. Fig. 187). The genus is native in the Andes 

 from Mexico to Chili. 



Family 3. Oxalidaceae. — Leaves compound, in some species irritable to 

 mechanical stimuli {Biophijtuin. 

 Oxalis acctosella, Wood Sorrel, 

 cf. pp. 299, 324). Mainly in S. 

 Africa and S. America. 



Family 4. Linaceae. — Herbs 

 or shrubs with alternate, narrow, 

 entire leaves. Distributed in 

 nearly all regions of the earth. 

 Flowers actinomorphic. Stamens 

 coherent at the base ; those op- 

 posite the petals developed as 

 staminodes. Ovary 5-locular, 



Fig. (504. — Liniuii. usitatissimum. A, 

 Flower ; B, aiidroeciuni and gynae- 

 ceuiii ; ( ', capsule after dehiscence. 

 (^, nat. size; B, C, x 3.) Of- 



FICIAL. 



Fig. W'l.—Erythroxylon Coca. (3 nat. size.) Official. 



each loculus incomjiletely divided by a false septum ; in each chamber is one 

 jjendulous ovule. Fruit a capsule (Fig. 604, A-C). Linum usitatissimum, Flax, 

 has long been in cultivation. It is an annual, and bears numerous blue 

 flowers, which last only a short time, in racemose cincinni. The flower has 

 five free styles. The stem bears numerous small, narrow leaves. The bast-fibres 

 after proper preparation are woven into linen. The seeds yield oil. 



Official. — Linum, the seeds oi Linum usitatissimum. 



Family 5. Balsaminaceae. — -fiucculent herbs, with translucent stems, some- 

 times swollen at the nodes, and simple leaves. Flowers zygomorphic with five 



