612 



BOTANY 



TAKT II 



composed of partial fruits. Each carpel dehisces by splitting into two valves. 

 Seeds winged. 



(b) Pomcae. — These are distinguished from the other Rosaceae by their inferior 



O 



D 



E 



Fig. 624. — Floral diagrams of Rosaceae. A, Sorbus domestica; B, Prunus Padus ; C, Rosa tomen- 

 iosa; D, Sanguisorba officinalis ; E, Spiraea hypericifolia. (After Eichler.) 



ovary, which usually consists of five carpels bound together by the hollow floral 

 receptacle so that only the styles are free. Each carpel contains one to many 

 ovules. The fruit resembles a berry, the floral receptacle becoming succulent. 

 The boundaries of the separate loculi are formed of parchment-like or stony tissue, 



Fig. 625. — Rosaceae. Three flowers cut through longitudinally to show different forms of the 

 receptacle. 1, Potent ilia palustris : 3, Aluhe-niilla (dpina; 3, I'yrus mains. (After Focke in 

 Natiirl. PJlanzenfamilien. ) 



The seeds are exalbuminous and enclose a well-developed embryo with fleshy coty- 

 ledons. Pijrus mains, Apple (Fig. 625, 3; Fig. 627), and P. communis, the Pear, are 

 important and long-cultivated fruit trees, of which numerous varieties are grown. 

 Cydonia vulgaris, the Quince, has large, solitary, rose-coloured flowers. The fruits 

 are in shape like an apple or pear, covered with fine woolly hairs and with a pleasant 



