cu 



BOTANY 



PART II 



taken place, are >;till held together above by the small calyx. Seeds with a broad, 

 membranous wing. Ourouparia ('■*) is a genus of climbing plants found in the 

 Malayan Archipelago ; the hook-like organs specialised for climbing are the stalks 

 of reduced inflorescences, which are sensitive to contact. The flowers are associated 

 together in spherical inflorescences resembling those of the commonly grown orna- 

 mental shrub Ccphalanthas. 



(h) Coffeae. — Stipules scaly. Each loculus of the ovary with a single seed. 

 Coffca, the Coff"ee plant, is a shrub ; C. arabica (Fig. 712) and C. liberica are 

 important economic plants, originally derived from Africa, and now cultivated 

 throughout the tropics. The pentamerous, snow-white flowers, which have a 

 similar scent to that of Orange blossom, and the bright red fruits contrast with 



Fifi. 70fi. — DUjitaUn iiuijnirca. a, Flower ; h, corolla cut open and spread out; c, calyx and pistil ; 

 d, fruit after dehiscence ; e, transverse sectioji of fruit (nat. size). Official. 



the shining, dark-green foliage, and make a coff'ee plantation attractive both in 

 appearance and in scent. The pericarp becomes diff'erentiated ijito a succulent 

 exocarp and a stony endocarp. The minute embryo is embedded in the horny 

 endosperm with which the seed is iilled ; the seed-coat is very thin. The remark- 

 able tuberous plants of the Malayan Archipelago, Myrmecodia (J^) and Hydnophy- 

 turn, also belong to this group ; the former has spiny roots. Urarjocja Ipecacuanha, 

 a small herbaceous plant or undershrub, is a native of Brazil, especially of the 

 province of Matogrosso. The stipules have an incised margin, and the inflorescence 

 is a terminal head of flowers surrounded by a number of bracts (Fig. 713). The 

 fruits are small berries. The plant is cultivated in suitable localities in valleys on 

 the south side of the Himalayas. 



(c) Stellatae. — This is the only subdivision of the family which is represented 

 in Europe ; Galium, Ruhia, Afpcruln (Woodruft"). These genera are characterised 



