SECT. II 



PHANEROGAMIA 



669 



with the fruit as a pappus. Corolla pentamerous, spurred. Stamens 

 4, 3, or 1. Carpels 3, but only one loculus of the ovary is fertile, 

 and contains a single, pendulous ovule (Figs. 716, 717). 



Family mainly distributed in the Mediterranean region and in South America. 

 Gekera. — Valeriana, Valerian. /'. officinalis is a herbaceous plant widely 



Fig. 712. — Coffea arabka {h nat. size). Single flower, fruit, seed enclosed in endocarp, and freed 



from it (about nat. size). 



distributed throughout Europe. It has a short, thick, chambered rhizome, whicli 

 often sends out subterranean oti'sets. Leaves imparipinnate. Inflorescence a 

 panicle. Spur short. The hairy caly.x developed on the single-seeded fruit assists 

 in its dispersal by the wind. ValcriancUa, small, inconspicuous plants. V. 

 olitoria, Lamb's Lettuce. Centranthus ruber from the Mediterranean region has 

 a long spur to the flower ; it is commonly cultivated in gardens. 

 Official. — J'alei-iana officinalis yields Valerianae ehizoma. 



