INDEX OF LITERATURE 737 



de Buitenzorg, vii. 213, 1888. H. Dingleu, Bevveg. der pllanzlichen Fhigorgaue, 

 1889. (") G. Klebs, Keimung, Unters. hot. Inst. Tubingen, i. 53G. J. 

 Lubbock, Seedlings, i. and ii. 1892. (^®) Goebel, Pflanzenbiol. Schilderungen, 

 i. 1889. Treub, Avicennia, Ann. de Buitenzorg, iii. G. Karsten, Mangrove, 

 Bibliotheca botanica, xxii. 1890. Schimper, Strandflora, 1891. Haberlandt, 

 Mangrove, Ann. de Buitenzorg, xii. 1895. C") The Literature under (^), also: 

 H. Hallier, Polyphylet. Ursprung der Sympetalenu. Apetalen, 1901. Naturw. 

 Verein Hamburg, Abh. xvi. Vorlaufiger Entwurf des natiirl. (phylogenetischen) 

 Systems der Bliitenpflanzen, Bull. d. I'herbier Boissier, 2. ser. iii. 1903. Umfang, 

 Gliederung u. Verwandtschaft der Familie der Hamamelidaceen, 1903. Verwandt- 

 schaftsverhiiltnisse bei Engler's Rosalen, Parietalen, Myrtifloren, etc. Abhandl. d. 

 Naturw. Vereins Hamburg, 1903. Daphniphyllum, Tokio Bot. Mag. xviii. 1904. 

 E. Sargant, Origin of Monocotyledons, Ann. of Bot. xvii. 1903. Bot. Gaz. xxxvii. 

 1904. K. Fritsch, Stellung d. Monokotylen, Beibl. 79 zu Engler's Bot. Jahrb. 

 xxxiv. p. 22, 1905. E. Strasburger, Drimys, Flora Ergbd. 1905, 215. ('') The 

 inodifications of the system adopted in earlier editions are based essentiaMy on von 

 Wettstein's "Handbuch der Systematischen Botanik." This holds for the inclusion 

 of the Cephalotaceae with the Sarraceniaceae and their approximation to the, Poly- 

 carpicae. The D roseraceae , however, hare been left with the Nepenthaceae. Similarly 

 following voN Wettstein, tlie Aristolochiaccae and Eafflesiaceae in spite of their 

 inferior ovary, have been included in the Polycarpieae. Thus the rest of the earlier 

 groii,p of Ilysterophyta find their natural place among the Choripetalae as the Loranthi- 

 florae. The Hamamelidaceae are, on the suggestion of HKi,\,iT.Yi, kept independent, as 

 We TTSTEIN has also done. The Hanameledinae, Tricoccae, and Centrospermae are 

 parallel series not related to one another, but all leading from anemophilous apetalous 

 forms [Monochlamydeae) to pentacyclic {Dialypetalae) forms. Ihave left the Polygonaceae 

 loith the Centrospermae and introduced into this order the Cactaceae in relation to the 

 Aizoaceae in accordance with the mews of both "Warming and Wett.stein. Thepiosition 

 of the orders Saxifraginae, Rosiflorae, andLeguminosae after the Cistiflorae, Columni- 

 ferae, Gruinales, Sapindinae, and Frangulinae which they formerly preceded in this 

 text-book, has been adopted because othervjise the connection to the Rhoeadinae {especi- 

 ally of the Resedaceae to the Cistaceae) wonJd otherwise have been concealed. Other re- 

 arrangements of detail have been adopted without hoirever modifying the general 

 arrangeynent as much as those mentioned. ('*) Cf. Literatur (^), and also L. Cl. 

 Richard, Commentatio des Coniferis et Gycadeis, Stuttgart, 1826. H. Graf zu 

 Solms-Laubach, Stangeria, Bot. Ztg. 1890. W. H. Lang, Stangeria, Annals of 

 Botany, xi. 1897, and xiv. 1900. Frances Grace Smith, Trunk of Cycads, Bot. 

 Gaz. xliii. 1907. A. Sprecher, Le Ginkgo biloba. Diss. Genf, 1907. (") Cf Literatur 

 (*), and also L. Gelakowsky, Gymnospermen, Abh. kg. bohm. Ges. d. W. 1890, 

 and Nachtrag dazu, Engler's Jahrb. 1898. Noll, Abietineenzapfen, Sitzber. 

 Niederrhein. GeselLsch. 1894. J. Wiesner, Rohstoffe des Pfianzenreichs, ii. Aufl. 

 1900. (-'^) Cf. Literatur (i"), especially J. D. Hooker, Wehvitschia, etc. Trans. 

 Linn. Soc. Lond. xxiv. 1863. G. Karsten, Gnetum, Ann. de Buitenzorg, 

 xi. 1893. (-^) H. Graf zu Solms-Laubagh, Einleitung in die Paliiophytologie, 

 1887. The older literature will be found here. Potonie, Lehvbuch der Pflanzen- 

 palaeontologie, 1899 ; D. H. Scott, Studies in Fossil Botany. 1900 ; R. Zeiller, 

 Elements de Paleobotanique, 1900. (^i-"^) PoTONii;, Cycadofilices in Engler, Prantl, 

 i. 4, 1901. Scott, Origin of Seed-bearing Plants, R. Inst, of Great Britain, 1903. 

 Oliver, Older Gymnosperms, Annals of Botany, xvii. 1903. Oliver and Scott, 

 Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. Ser. "5, 197, 1904. M. C. Stores, Flora, 1904. (-"^) 

 D. H. Scott, Palaeozoic Botany in Progressus rei bot. i. .Tena, 1907, with a full list 



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