222 



ZOOLOGY 



SECT. 



and pelvic fins are iinjointed, and have the form of strong spines. 

 The right and left bars of the fifth branchial arcli are usually not 

 fused. 



This immense group includes the greater number of marine 

 fishes (Fig. 878), as well as many fresh-water forms : the Perch, 

 Stickleback, Sea-bream, Mullet, Mackerel, and Gurnard may be 

 specially mentioned. 



Suh-order d. — Pharyngognathi. 



Teleostei in which the ric^ht and left bars of the fifth branchial 

 arch are fused to form a single bone in the floor of the 



Pi(i. 879. — Xiabrichthys psittacula (Wmssc). d.f hard rlDisal ; d. t.' .soft dorsal ; Ip. lips; 

 prl.f. pectoral tin; in'./, pelvic fin; l\ j. ventral tin. B, inferior pharyngeal bouc of 

 Labrichthys. (A, after Richardson ; B, after Owen.) 



mouth TFig. 879, B), The remaining characters are as in 

 Acanthopteri. 



Including the Wrasses (Fig. 879) and their allies. 



Sith-order e. — Pledognatlii. 



Teleostei having no pneumatic duct. The exoskeleton, when 

 ])resent, takes the form of bony plates or spines. The gill-opening 

 is very narrow. The mouth is very sinall, and the premaxilla and 

 maxilla are united. The pelvic fins are absent or represented by 

 spines. 



