:y.m 



ZOOLOGY 



SECT. 



dicoe crb.h 



i.oro.8a 



arises from the i)ubis, passes along the inner .surface of the thigh, 

 and is continued into a long tendon which conies round to tlie 

 outer side of the knee, enclosed in a special sheath, and, continuing 

 down the leg, joins the superficial 

 flexors of the dioits. 



Digestive Organs. — The mouth 

 (Fig. 1040) is bounded above and 

 below by the horny beaks, and there 

 is no trace of teeth. The tongue 

 (tng.) is large and pointed at the 

 tip. The pharynx leads into a 





p't cl.3 



Fiti. 1040.— Columba livia. Dissection from the right side. The liody-wall, with the vertebral 

 coUitnii, sternum, Ijraiii, &e., are in sagittal section ; portions of the gullet and crop arc cut 

 away .and the cloaca is opened ; nearly the whole of the ileum is romnved, and the duodenum 

 is displaced outwards. a. ao. aortic arch ; hil. 1, hd. 2, bile-ducts ; b.fabr. bursa Fabricii ; 

 (>/</. cerebellum ; m. right ctecum ; cphn. coprodi«um ; f /•. cere ; crb.hAoit cerebral hemi- 

 sphere ; crp. crop ; cr v. 1, first cervical vertebr;« ; di.co'. diacoele ; </nt.. dentary ; di'o. 

 duodenum; eus.aji. aperture of Eustachian tubes; (lU. gizzard (dotted behind the liver) ; 

 f/l. glottis; <!til. gullet; itvi. ileum; i. ofl>. sp. inter-oi-bital septum; hi. right kidney; 

 hu;. right lung ; /r. liver (right lobe) ; wa. bristle passed from iiostril into mouth ; ohl.sep. 

 oblique septum ; ol. <i. oil-gland ; -prd. pericardium ; pm.r. premaxilla ; pn. pancreas ; pn. h. 

 pineal liocly ; pnd. l—^i, pancreatic ducts ; pr. cv. right pre-caval ; prdm. jjroctodieum ; prvn. 

 proventriculiis (dotted behind liver) ; pt. cv. post-caval ; pt//. b. pituitary body ; piifj. nt. 

 '^Pygustyle ; v. ai'. right auricle ; (•./</•. right bronchus ; /r<. rectum ; /•. tvi7. right ventricle ; 

 p. cd. sjiinal i:ord ; .s•/<^ sjileen (dotted beliind liver); -s. rJih. sinus rhomboidalis ; «. .«■/■. syn- 

 sacruni ; ««. carina sterni ; .'.■///■.syrinx; (/t. /. i, first, and tli. v. 0, fifth, thoracic vertebra; 

 tiifi. tongue ; //■. ti-achea ; f.i. right testis ; ui: aperture of left ureter ; urdm. urodseum ; r. (// 

 aperture of left vas deferens. 



wide and distensible rpillet (f/ul.) which soon dilates into an 

 immense reservoir or croj) {crp.) situated at the base of the neck, 

 between the skin and the muscles, and immediately in front 

 of the sternum. In this cavity the food, consisting of grain, 

 undergoes a process of maceration before being passed into the 



