?18 



INDEX 



354 : Pigeon, 386, 390, 391 : Aves, 429, 

 430 (Neoniilhes) : Rabbit, 455 : Mam- 

 malia, 513: Prototlieria, 520: Meta- 

 theria, 5-22 : P^deiitata, 528, 529, 630 : 

 Cetacea, 533: Sireiiia, 535: Ungulata, 

 541 : Carnivora, 546 : Roilentia, 548 : 

 Insectivora, 549 : Chiroptera, 550 : 

 Primates, 555 



Pectoral fin — See Fin 



Peetoial tin, skeleton of — See Limb- 

 skeleton 



Pectoralis muscle, 27(J 



Pelagic eggs, 241* 



Pelagic fauna, 635* 



Pelagic fislies, 227 



Pelicans, 415 



Pe/icanus, 415 



Pelvic arcli, of Craniata, 83, 84* : 

 Dog-fish, 152: Elasmobranchii, 175: 

 Holocephali, 192 : Trout, 209, 210 : 

 Teleoslomi, 232 : Ceratodus, 250 : 

 Frog, 273 : Ampliibia, 302, 303, 304 : 

 Lizard, 322. 323 : Keptilia, 353, 354, 



355 : Pigeon, 392 : Aves, 432 : Rabbit, 

 456, 457: Manunalia, 515: Prototlieria, 

 521 : Metatheria, 524 : Edentata, 530 : 

 529 : Cetacea, 534 : Sirenia, 536 : 

 Ungulata, 543 : Carnivora, 547 : Ro- 

 dentia, 549 : Insectivora, 550 : I'rim- 

 ates, 556 



Pelvic fin — See Fin 



Pelvic fin, skeleton of — See Limb-skeleton 



Pelvic vein, 281 



Pelvis of kidney, 473* 



Pelvi-sternum, 304* 



Penguins, 414, 422, 423, 430, 433. 442, 



443, 444 

 Penis, 362 — See Urinogenital organs 

 Penna?, 423* 

 Pentadactyle limb, 69*, 82, 83 : Skeleton 



of, 83 : Origin of, 615^ 

 Peramtles, 562 

 Perameles obesida, 597 

 Peramdidw, 478— See Bandicoots 

 Perch, climbing, 235 

 Perch, 196, 222, 230, 236 

 Perching mechanism, 395 

 Perennibranchiata, 293*, 294, 300, 304, 



305, 3(18, 312 

 Peribraneliial cavity— See Atrial cavitj- 

 Pericardial cavity, pericardium, 71, 72* 

 Pericardio-peritoneal canal, 154 

 Peric/uftidd-, 622 

 Perichondria! ossification, 79* 

 Perichondrium, 79* 

 Perichordal tube, 73* 

 Peril^miph, 116* 



Perin.-wal glands, of Rabbit, 447, 474 

 Perinanim, 447, 474, 573 

 /-'erioph/hu/mii.-i, 236 

 Periosteal ossification, 79" 

 Periotic bone, 453, 511 



Peripharyngeal bands, of Appendicularia, 

 24 : of Amphioxus, 48 



Peripharyngeal groove, 18 



Peripharvngeal ridge, 18 



Perissodactyla, 481' 502, 536, 537,541, 

 543, 566, 574 



Peritoneum of Cra.iiata, 71, 72 



Permian period, 639 



Peron, 683 



Peronffius medius, 395 



I'ersistent pulps, 560* 



Pes — See Hind-limb 



Pessulns, 398 



Petrels, 415, 425, 434, 43(i, 442 



Pet royal e penictlki fa, 523, 578, 



Petroyale xanfhopus, 495 



Petromyzon, external characters, 124: 

 Skeleton, 125, 126, 127 : Muscles, 128 : 

 Digestive organs, 128, 129 : Respira- 

 tory organs, 129, 130 : Circulatory 

 system, 130 : Nervous system, 131, 

 132: Sensory organs, 132. 133, 134: 

 Urinogenital organs, 134, 135: De- 

 velopment, 135, 136, 137j 



Petromyzon bratichiuliv, 124 



Petromyzon fluviafi/is, 124 



Petromyzon murinu-^, 124 



Petromyzontes, 138* 



J'ezophap.si4m, 417, 426, 43(i 



Phti-iiicopterun, 415, 420 



Phaethon, 415 



Phcdaa-ocorax, 415, 422. 626 



Phalmujeridw, 479, 496, 497, 510, 521, 

 524, 525, 579 



Phalangers, 479— See Phalangerid;e 



Phalanges, 83* — See Limb 



Phaneroglossa, 294 



Pharyngeal bones, superior and inferior, 

 231* 



Pharyngo-branchial, 77, 78*— See Skull 



Pharyngognathi, 222*, 225, 231, 243 



Pharyngo-hyal, 77, 78*— See Skull 



Pharynx — See Digestive organs 



Phasccdarctos cinereus, 497. 562, 596 



Phascolomyidff, 479, 521, 524. 562 



Phascohmy, 562, 583 



Pha-^colomyf> ivomhat, 496, 524 



Phascolotherinm hwkhuiili, 601, 640 



Phasianuti, 416, 424 



Pheasants, 416, 424 



Phora vitidina, 506. 548 



Phoco>na,Am, 501, 5 Hi, 532. 560, 572, 673 



Phoaena, conwrnnit, 532 



Phocida, 484, 505, 5()(i. 548. 599 



Phororhacos, 413 



Phorozooid, 40*, 41 



Phrenic veins, 466 



Phjlogeny, of Birds, 443 



Physeler, 480, 516, 567 



Physoclisti. 224* 



Physostomi, 220*, 226, 228, 230, 233, 234, 

 235, 236, 238, 240, 241, 243, 245 



