28 



PATHOGENIC BACTERIA. 



by a period during which important additions followed 

 each other in rapid succession. 



Thus, in 1873, Obermeier discovered the Spirillum 

 Obermeieri of relapsing fever. 



In 1879, Hansen announced the discovery of bacilli in 

 the cells of leprous nodules. The same year Neisser 

 discovered the gonococcus to be specific for gonorrhea. 



In 1880 the bacillus of typhoid fever was first observed 

 by Eberth, and independently by Koch. 



In 1880, Pasteur published his work upon "chicken- 

 cholera." In the same year Sternberg described the 

 pneumococcus, calling it the Micrococcus Pasteuri. 



In 1882, Koch made himself immortal by his discov- 

 ery of and work upon the tubercle bacillus. The same 

 year Pasteur published a work upon Rouget du Pore, and 

 Loffler and Shiitz reported the discovery of the bacillus 

 of glanders. 



In 1884, Koch reported the discovery of the "comma 

 bacillus," the cause of cholera, and in the same year 

 Loffler discovered the diphtheria bacillus, and Nicolaier 

 the tetanus bacillus. 



In 1892, Canon and Pfeiffer discovered the bacillus of 

 influenza. 



In 1894, Yersin and Kitasato independently isolated 

 the bacillus causing the. bubonic plague then prevalent 

 at Hong-Kong. 



In 1894 Sanarelli discovered the bacillus icteroides, 

 thought to be specific for yellow fever. 



A new era in bacteriology, and probably the most 

 triumphant result of the modern scientific study of dis- 

 ease, was inaugurated in 1890 by Behring, who presented 

 to the world the " Blood-serum therapy," and showed as 

 the result of prolonged, elaborate, and profound study of 

 the subject of immunity that in the blood of animals 

 with acquired immunity to certain diseases (diphtheria 

 and tetanus) a substance was held in solution which was 

 potent to save the lives of other animals suffering from 

 the same diseases. 



