INFECTION AND INTOXICATION. 8 1 



were compelled to inhale anthrax spores in a pulverized 

 liquid or in dry powder infection did not readily take 

 place. If, however, the anthrax spores were mixed with 

 lycopodium powder and inhaled, 50 out of 66 animals died 

 of anthrax and 9 of pneumonia. Probably, for the an- 

 thrax spores to germinate in the lung, it was necessary for 

 them to reach the lymphatic spaces, to which they were 

 carried by scavenging cells busy removing the lycopo- 

 dium grains. 



3. The Digestive Apparatus. — The colon bacillus and 

 the streptococcus of the intestine are, as a rule, pure 

 saprophytes, enjoying a harmless existence in the rich in- 

 testinal contents. Should a lesion of the intestine occur, 

 however, or should a marked depression of vitality take 

 place, the former of these organisms seems particularly 

 prone to pathogenic activity and in all cases of intestinal 

 obstruction, strangulation, ulceration, perforation, etc., 

 this bacillus may be looked for as the chief offender. 



There seems to be little reason for supposing that the 

 colon bacillus can escape from the intestine into the blood 

 during life without any apparent lesion. Beco, 1 however, 

 believes it possible, and showed that immediately after 

 death the organisms could be found in small numbers in 

 the spleen. When they were not found immediately after 

 death, they were also not found after twenty-four hours. 



Achard 2 denies that bacteria pass out of the intestine 

 during the death agony. In his studies of 49 cases, bac- 

 teria were found in the blood and in the liver in 14 ; in 

 24 no bacteria were found during life, but after death ; in 

 1 1 no bacteria were found either during life or after death 

 up to the time his autopsies were made. The micro- 

 organisms that he usually found were streptococci and 

 staphylococci during life, and the colon bacillus after 

 death. 



Chrovstek and Egger, 3 on the other hand, confirm the 



1 Ann. de /' Inst. Pasteur, 1895, No. 3. 



2 Archiv. de Mid. expir. et d'Anat. path., 1 895, No. I, p. 25. 

 * Wiener klin. Wochenschrift, 1 897, No. 3. 



