154 PATHOGENIC BACTERIA. 



Stain in Ehrlich's anilin-water gentian violet five 



to thirty minutes ; 

 Wash momentarily in water ; 

 Immerse two to three minutes in Gram's solution ; 

 Wash in 95 per cent, alcohol until no more color 



comes out ; 

 Dehydrate in absolute alcohol ; 

 Clear up in xylol ; 

 Mount in Canada balsam. 



This method stains a large variety of bacteria very 

 beautifully, but, unfortunately, does not stain them all, 

 and as some of those which do not stain are important 

 it seems well to mention the — 



Spirillum of cholera and of chicken-cholera ; 



Bacillus mallei (of glanders) ; 



Bacillus of malignant edema ; 



Bacillus pneumoniae of Friedlander ; 



Micrococcus gonorrhoeae of Neisser ; 



Spirochaete Obermeieri of relapsing fever ; 



Bacillus of typhoid fever ; 



Bacillus of rabbit-septicemia ; 



Bacillus of symptomatic anthrax ; 



Bacillus of hog-cholera ; 



Bacillus coli communis ; 



Bacillus icteroides ; 



Bacillus of influenza ; 



Bacillus pestis bubonica ; 



Bacillus rhinoscleromatis ; 



Spirillum of Denecke ; 



Spirillum of Finkler and Prior ; 



Spirillum of Metschnikoff. 



No matter how carefully the method is performed an 

 unsightly precipitate is sometimes deposited upon the 

 tissue, obscuring both its cells and contained bacteria. 

 Muir and Ritchie obviate this (1) by making the staining 

 solution with 1 : 20 aqueous solution of carbolic acid 

 instead of the saturated anilin solution, and (2) by clear- 

 ing the tissue with oil of cloves after dehydration with 

 alcohol. The oil of cloves, however, is itself a powerful 



