290 PATHOGENIC BACTERIA. 



in conjunction with the diphtheria bacillus in otitis 

 media associated with croupous pneumonia, and in the 

 throat in diphtheria. In pure culture it was obtained 

 from the vegetations upon the valves of the heart in a 

 case of acute endocarditis with gangrene of the lung ; 

 in the middle ear, in a case of fracture of the skull with 

 otitis media ; and from the throat, in a case of tonsillitis. 



Occasionally Friedlander's bacillus becomes the cause 

 of pneumonia of lobular or catarrhal type, an interesting 

 case of this kind having been studied by Smith. 1 The 

 histology of the lung was remarkable in that the "alve- 

 olar spaces in the consolidated areas were dilated and 

 filled for the most part with the capsule bacilli." In 

 some alveoli there seemed to be pure cultures of the 

 bacilli, in others there were a few red and white blood- 

 corpuscles, and in some there was a little fibrin. The 

 bacillus obtained from this case when injected into the 

 peritoneal cavity of guinea-pigs produced death in eleven 

 hours. The peritoneal cavity after death contained a 

 large amount of thick, slimy fluid ; the intestines were 

 injected and showed a thin fibrinous exudate upon the 

 surface ; the spleen was enlarged and softened, and the 

 adrenals much reddened. Cover-glass preparations from 

 the heart, blood, spleen, and peritoneal cavity showed 

 large numbers of the capsule bacilli. 



Howard 2 has also called attention to the importance 

 of this bacillus in connection with numerous acute and 

 chronic infectious processes, among which may be men- 

 tioned croupous pneumonia, suppuration of the antrum 

 of Highmore and frontal sinuses, endometritis, perirenal 

 abscesses, and peritonitis. 



2. Catarrhal Pneumonia. — This form of pulmonary 

 inflammation occurs in local areas, generally situated 

 about the distribution of a bronchiole. It cannot be 

 said to have a specific micro-organism, as almost any 



1 Journal of the Boston Society of Medical Sciences, May, 1 898, vol. ii., 

 No. 10, p. 174. 



2 Phila. Med. Journal, Feb. 19, 1898, vol. i., No. 8, p. 336. 



