55 6 PATHOGENIC BACTERIA. 



istic of the plague bacillus. The peculiarities of these 

 colonies cannot be recognized after forty-eight hours. 



Involution-forms on partly desiccated agar-agar not con- 

 taining glycerin are said by Haff kine to be characteristic. 

 The microbes swell up and form large, round, oval, pea- 

 or spindle-shaped or biscuit-like bodies, which may attain 

 twenty times the normal size and in growing gradually 

 lose the ability to take up the stain. Such involution- 

 forms are not seen in liquid culture. 



Hankin and Leumann l recommend for the differential 

 diagnosis of the plague bacillus the addition of 2.5-3.5 

 per cent, of salt to the agar-agar. When transplanted 

 from ordinary agar-agar to the salt agar-agar the involu- 

 tion-forms which are so characteristic of the plague ba- 

 cillus form with exceptional rapidity. In bouillon with 

 this high precentage of salt the stalactite formation is 

 very beautiful and characteristic. 



Upon blood-serum the growth at the temperature of 

 the incubator is luxuriant. It forms a moist layer of a 

 yellowish-gray color, and is unaccompanied by liquefac- 

 tion of the serum. 



Upon potato no growth occurs at ordinary tempera- 

 tures. When the potato is stood away for a few days in 

 the incubator a scanty, dry, whitish layer develops. 



Abel found the best culture-medium to be 2 per cent, 

 alkaline pepton solution with 1 or 2 per cent, of gelatin, 

 as recommended by Yersin and Wilson. 



The bacillus develops under conditions of aerobiosis and 

 anaerobiosis. In glucose-containing media it does not 

 form gas. No indol is formed. Ordinarily the culture- 

 medium is acidified by the development of an acid that 

 persists for three weeks or more. 



By frequent passage through animals of the same 

 species the bacillus increases very much in virulence. 

 Curiously enough, however, the observations of Knorr, 

 substantiated by Yersin, Calmette and Borrel, show that 



1 Centralbl, f. Bakt. u. Parasitenk., Oct., 1897, Bd. xxii., Nos. 16 and 17, 

 p. 438. 



