Raphael and others 



Chapter 18 



Landscape-level Analysis of Habitat in Was.hington 



Table 5 Landscape pattern statistics output by the FKAGSTATS program and used in the site-level analysis, Washington Department of Fish a ml Wildlife 

 old-growth data set 



Pattern index 



Range of values for 203-ha 



circles (n = 261) Description 



Number of patches 



Mean patch size 



Patch size std dev 



Patch size coeff var 



Mean shape index 



Area weighted mean shape index 



Landscape shape index 



Mean patch fractal dimension 



Patch richness 



Shannon's diversity index 



Simpson's diversity index 



Modified Simpson's diversity index 

 Shannon's evenness index 

 Simpson's evenness index 

 Modified Simpson's evenness index 



Mean nearest neighbor 

 Nearest neighbor std dev 

 Nearest neighbor coeff var 

 Contagion 



Contagion(2)' 

 Total edge 



1-46 Count of number of patches 



44.1-203 Average size (ha) of all patches in landscape 



0-143 Standard deviation of patch sizes in landscape (ha) 



0-321.81 Coefficient of variation of patch sizes in landscape 



1.06-1.98 Average shape index (complexity) of all patches in landscape 



1.12 - 3.36 Average shape of patches standardized by patch area 



0.98 - 4.85 Overall complexity of landscape 



1.0-1.1 Fractal edge complexity for all patches in landscape 



1-9 Maximum number of different types in landscape 



0-1.77 An index of patchiness. dependent on proportion of landscapes of different types 



- 0.83 Another index of patchiness, 1 minus the squared sum of the proportion of the 



landscape in different types 



- 1.75 The Simpson index modified by taking the negative log of the sum of landscape 



proportion of patch types 



- 1 Index relating the proportion of landscape in each type to the number of 



different types 



0-1 Index relating 1 minus the proportion of landscape in each type to 1 minus the 



inverse of the number of different types 



0-1 Modified evenness index , relates the negative log of squared proportion of 



landscape in different types to log of the number of types 



0-1304 Average distance (m) to closest patch of similar type 



- 721 Std. deviation of nearest neighbor distance by type 



- 1 24 Coefficient of variation (m) for nearest neighbor distances 



0-154 Extent to which landscape is aggregated or clumped; as value approaches 0, 



many small patches exist maximum value depends on number of types in 

 landscape 



0-80 Extent to which landscape is aggregated or clumped; as value approaches 0, 



many small patches exist; maximum value depends on number of types in 

 landscape (excludes landscape border) 



5600 - 27650 Total length of edge (m) between patches of different types 



1 Varies from contagion in that landscape border is excluded. 



USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-152. 1995. 



183 



