144 ELECTRO-PHYSIOLOGY 



20. BERNSTEIN. Unters. liber den Erregungsvorgang im Nerven- und Muskelsystem. 



Heidelberg 1871. p. 100 ff. 



21. GRUNHAGEN. Pfliigers Arch. VI. p. 157. 



22. ENGELMANN. / ?f g^ Arch. IV p. 3. 



I Pfliigers Arch. XVII. p. 85 Anmerk. 



23. ROTH. Pfliigers Arch. 42 Bd. 1888. 



24. v. KRIES. Verhandl. der naturforsch. Ges. zu Freiburg. VIII. 2. 



25. SCHOENLEIN. Du Bois Arch. 1882. (Zur Natur der Anfangszuckung. ) 



26. H. KRAFT. Pfliigers Arch. 44 Bd. p. 353. 



27. BIEDERMANN. Sitzuiigsber. der Wiener Acad. XCI. III. Abth. 1885. p. 



29 ff. 



28. E. BRUCKE. Sitzuiigsber. der Wiener Acad. LXXV. 1877. 



29. v. HELMHOLTZ. Wiss. Abhandl. II. p. 929. 



30. v. LIMBECK. Arch, fiir Pathol. und exper. Pharmakologie. 25 Bd. p. 171. 



31. MARTINS. Du Bois Arch. 1883. p. 571. 



32. HERMANN. Handbuch I. 1. p. 51. 



33. BERNSTEIN. Pfliigers Arch. 11 Bd. p. 191. 



34. CH. LOVEN. Du Bois Arch. 1881. p. 363. 



^ WFDFNSKT / Arch, de Physiol. par Brown-Sequard. 1891. 

 L I Du Bois Arch. 1883. p. 317. 



36. HORSLEY und SCHAFER. Journ. of Physiol. VII. p. 96. 



37. CANNEY und TUNSTALL. Journ. of Physiol. VI. 



38. GRIFFITSH. Journ. of Physiol. IX. p. 39. 



39. v. KRIES. Du Bois Arch. 1886. Suppl. 



VIII. CONDUCTIVITY OF MUSCLE 



A remarkable antithesis may in general be observed with regard 

 to the property of transmitting localised excitation, between the 

 relatively undifferentiated plasma of the Protozoa, characterised 

 by flowing (amoeboid) movements, and the contractile fibrils dif- 

 ferentiated from the same. In the former, localised and strictly 

 limited excitation usually produces local effects only, in the most 

 favourable instances distributed merely over the immediate 

 vicinity, whereas in the differentiated, fibrillar parts, conduction 

 is nearly always highly developed. In the majority of cases it 

 has not been accurately determined whether the excitatory move- 

 ments due to " cell-conductivity " in certain plants result from 

 the transmission from cell to cell of the exciting stimulus 

 (extension, traction) in consequence of alterations of turgor 

 comparable with its transmission in Carchesium colonies where 

 the individual polyps are not in protoplasmic continuity or of 

 the actual excitatory process (alterations of the plasma). 



" In the latter case (e.g. excitable tissue of Mimosa) this would 

 mean an extraordinary rapidity of conduction for undifferentiated 



