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AN ELEMENTARY TEXT-BOOK OF BIOLOGY. 



inner concave surface of the ilium. The ischium is a flat rod 

 running back from the acetabnlum parallel to the lower edge of 



Fig. 69. ENDOSKELETON OF PIGEON. A, Sternum and shoulder-girdles ; 

 c.st, corpus sterni; k, keel; x.a, x.m, x.p, external, internal, and 

 middle xiphoid processes ; r, sternal ribs ; co, coracoids ; sc, scapulae ;. 



/, furcula ; gl, glenoid cavity. B, Left Wing h, humerus ; hd, head 

 of ditto ; r. t and u. t, radial and ulnar tuberosities ; r, radius ; ul, ulna, 

 showing scars left by quills; ra, radiale; u, ulnare ; I. -III., meta- 

 carpals; 1-3, phalanges. C, Left Leg (patella gone, fibula not seen) 



J\ femur; hd, head; g.t, great trochanter; t-t, tibio-tarsus ; t.p, proxi- 

 mal part of tarsus; t.d, distal part of tarsus; t-mt, tarso-metatarsus j. 

 I. -IV., metatarsals; 1-4, phalanges. 



