298 AN ELEMENTARY TEXT-BOOK OF BIOLOGY. 



The oval spermaries (testes) are contained in the scrotal sacs, 

 which, in the breeding season, project at the sides of the urino- 

 genital aperture. Each spermary is attached to its sac by a 

 short fibrous cord (gubernaculum), and is also suspended by a 

 mesenteric fold (mesorchium). Attached to the spermary is a 

 compact mass of coiled tubules (epididymis}, divided into the 

 caput epididymis in front, and the cauda epididymis behind. These 

 cap the anterior and posterior ends of the testis, and are con- 

 nected by a tubule running along its surface. 



The spermatic artery and vein are connected with the anterior end of the 

 testis. They form, with nerves, connective tissue, &c., the spermatic cord. 



The spermiduct (vas deferens) proceeds from the cauda epidi- 

 dymis, runs forwards, and then curves over the ureter to enter 

 the uterus masculinus, a large, slightly bilobed sac, which opens 

 into the dorsal side of a urinogenital canal (urethra), a backward 

 continuation of the neck of the bladder. After receiving the 

 uterus masculinus, the ducts of a five-lobed prostate gland, and, 

 further back, the openings of two small Cowpefs glands, the 

 urinogenital canal traverses the penis, an elongated backwardly- 

 directed structure, the ventral side of which is strengthened by 

 two fibrous rods, the corpora cavernosa, attached in front to the 

 ischia. The dorsal side of the penis is made up of a mass of 

 vascular tissue, the corpus spongiosum, through which the urino- 

 genital canal runs, and which projects beyond the corpora caver- 

 nosa as the (flans penis, a soft conical body, upon which is the 

 slit-like urinogenital aperture. 



The spermary is essentially composed of seminiferous tubules 

 lined by germinal epithelium, the cells of which divide frequently 

 to form sperms, each producing several, but not being entirely 

 used up in the process. The srjerms (spermatozoa) have oval 

 flattened heads and vibratile tails. The tubules of the spermary 

 unite to form msa efferentia, which make up part of the epididymis. 



The female reproductive organs (Fig. 89) consist of ovaries, 

 oviducts, vagina, and urinogenital canal, together with accessory 

 parts. 



The ovaries are whitish, oval bodies, placed one on either side 

 of the dorsal abdominal wall, posterior to the kidneys. In a 

 mature female, Graafian (ovarian) follicles appear as clear, rounded 

 projections on their surfaces. Near each ovary is the fringed 



