RECENT LITERATURE. 253 



The vital changes which occur in cartilage take place very slowly. Its mode of 

 nutrition has been already referred to ; it is subject to absorption, and when a 

 portion is absorbed in disease or removed by the knife, it is regenerated very 

 slowly. A wound in cartilage is usually at first healed by connective tissue, 

 which becomes gradually transformed into hyaline cartilage. The reappearance 

 of the latter seems, however, to depend upon the presence of the perichon- 

 drium, this membrane fulfilling, although perhaps not to so marked an extent, 

 the same functions in the regeneration of cartilage as does the periosteum 

 in the regeneration of bone. Schwalbe found that the cartilage of the rabbit's ear 

 grew only by apposition at its margins and surfaces, and not interstitially ; but it is 

 certain that the temporary cartilages grow in the manner last mentioned. 



Probably the rib-cartilages grow in two ways, viz. : (1) by interstitial expansion 

 accompanied by multiplication of the cells and increase of the matrix ; (2) by 

 apposition, fresh cartilage being formed under the perichondrium by transformation 

 of its fibrous tissue into cartilage (metaplastic formation). 



When a cartilage is fractured, as sometimes happens with the rib-cartilages, 

 the broken surfaces become connected, especially at their circumference, by fibrous 

 or dense areolar tissue, and often by a bony clasp. 



RECENT LITERATURE. 



Apolant, H. , Ueber Faserknorpcl, Diss., Berlin, 1890. 



Bicfalvi, K., Beitraye zur Structur dcr Grundsubstanz ties hyalinen Knorpels, Med. Central!)., 

 1883. 



Czermak, N., Vergleichende Studien ilbcr die Entwicklung des Knochen- und Knorpelycicebes 

 (Vorlaujige Mittheilung), Anat. Anzeiger, 188S. 



Kolster, R., Ueber die Intercellularsubstanz des Neteknorpels, Arch. f. mikrosk. Anat., Bd. 

 29, 1887. 



Morner, C. T. , Histochemische Beobaclitungen iibcr die hyaline Grundsubstanz des Trachealknor- 

 pels, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chemie, Bd. xii., 1888. 



Renant, J., Sur la formation cloisonnante (substance trabecidaire) du cartilage Ityalin fcetal, 

 Comt. rend. t. 104, 1887 ; Sur la bande articulaire, la formation cloisonnante et la substance 

 chondro-chromatique des cartilages diathrodiaux, Compt. rend. t. 104, No. 22, 1887. 



Solg-er, IB., Die Wirkung des Alkohols auf den hyalinen Knorpel, Festschrift fiir A. v. Kblliker, 

 1887 ; Veber Schrumpfunyserscheinungen am hyalinen Knorpelgewcbe des Menschen und deren Bezie- 

 hungen zu den Fibrillen, Arch. f. mikrosk. Anatomie, Bd. 31, 1888 ; Ueber pericelluldre u. inter- 

 celluldre Ablagerung im Hycdinknorpel, Arch. f. mikr. Anat. 31, 1889; Ueber Knorpelwachsthum, 

 Verhandl. der Anat. Gesellschaft, iii., 1889. 



Spina, A., Btitrage zur Histologie des hyalinen Knorpels, Wiener med. Jahrb., 1886. 



Spronck, C. H. H., Zur Kenntniss der Structur des Hyalinknorpels, Anatom. Anzeiger, 

 1887. 



Thin, Q-., On the Structure of Hyaline Cartilage, Proceedings of the Royal Society, 1885. 



Van der Stricht, O., Richerches sur le cartilage hyalin, Archives de biologic, t. vii., 

 1887 ; Sur la structure du cartilage diarthrodial des oiseaux, Verhandl. der anatom. Gresellschaft, 

 iii., 1889, and Arch, de biologic, 1890. 



Vogel, A., Die Saftbahnen des Hyalinknorpels, Dissert., Bern, 1883. 



Zuckerkandl, E., Beitrag zur Lehre von dem Baue des hyalinen Knorpels, Sitzungsberichte 

 der Wiener Akademie, Bd. 91, 1885. 



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