314 APPLIED IMMUNOLOGY 



poses it is obtained from the ox and sheep, and is also pre- 

 pared synthetically. It is questionable whether the sjTithetic 

 product is superior to the natural organ extract. Adrenalin 

 chloride is the preparation usually employed, and is generally 

 supplied in a 1-1000 solution. It may also be obtained in 

 powder or tablet form. Adrenalin, on account of its vaso- 

 constrictor effects, is chiefly employed to control hemor- 

 rhage from small vessels, and is useful as a topical applica- 

 tion in the treatment of various nasal conditions, such as 

 epistaxis, conditions requiring shrinkage of the turbinates, 

 hay fever, etc. The constricting effects of adrenalin are very 

 transitory, and are usually followed by marked dilatation. 

 Adrenalin is used extensively as an adjuvant to cocaine, 

 novocaine, and other local anaesthetics. The effects of these 

 drugs are considerably enhanced and prolonged by the vaso- 

 constrictor effects of adrenahn. In local anaesthetic mixtures, 

 adrenalin chloride is generally used in the strength of 

 1-10,000. The cardiac stimulant effects of adrenalin are 

 made use of in the treatment of shock. In this condition 

 it may be given intravenously in normal salt solution in the 

 proportion of 1 drachm of adrenalin chloride to a pint of 

 salt solution. 



Suprarenal gland feeding has been employed without 

 benefit in Addison's disease, which is due to atrophy or 

 disease of the adrenals. 



PiTuiTAEY Body 



Much knowledge of the pituitary gland or hypophysis 

 and its secretions has been gained within the past few years. 

 Experiments have shown that the anterior lobe of the pitui- 

 tary body secretes a substance concerned in vital processes, 

 and which is essential to life. The secretion of the posterior 

 lobe or pars nervosa, while not essential to life, contains a 



