52 THE ai:mv iioiisi: ix accident and disease. 



Tlu" i rraf MK'iil of |)i'ou<l flcsli consi.st^ in i\w icinoxal of I he mi- 

 houltliy tissue by the use of tlu' knife or \>\ the jip|>li(ation of a red- 

 hot iron; burnt alum or salicylic a<'i(l dusted upon the surface of the 

 wound will also destroy the unhealthy granules. 



Punctured vjounds.- — Punctured wounds (except those around 

 joints) should be ex])lored with a probe to ascertain if any foreign 

 bodies are in tlu^ channel; if so, they should b(> renioveil, and if neces- 

 sary a dependent opening ho made to allow ]x>rfect drainage. The 

 parts should then be syringed out thoroughly with a solution of 

 creolin, 1 to 50; oarbolie acid, 1 to 20 or 30; or bichloride of mercury, 

 1 to 1,000, and the outside opening sprinkled with iodoform. This 

 treatment should be applied twice daily. 



For a few days the wound shoidd be swabbed with tincture of 

 iodine or packed with strips of gauze saturated with this drug in 

 order to destroy infection, check the formation of pus, and promote 

 the growth of healthy tissue. 



Wounds of the lips, nostrils, and eyelids heal very rapidly; if of 

 several days' standing, they should have their edges scraped and then 

 be sutured, and iodoform or acetanilid dusted over the surface twice 

 daily. 



An excellent antiseptic solution for the treatment of wounds 

 during fly time is made by dissolving 8 ounces of gum camphor in 3 

 ounces of carbolic acid. Apply with a clean swal) several times daily. 

 One ounce of creolin to H ounces of olive oil is a good substitute. 



Punctured grounds around joiids. 



Open joint is a wound situated on a joint and extending through 

 the capsular ligament, allowing the joint oil to escape. 



Treatment. — Remove the hair and thoroughly clean the parts 

 around the wound with a solution of bichloride of mercury, 1 to 1,000; 

 unless a foreign body is known to be hxlged in it, do not probe or 

 explore, as the introduction of any instrument, even if thoroughly 

 clean, will be the means of setting up considerable inflammation. 

 Apply a blister of biniodide of mercury 1 part, cosmoline 4 parts, for 

 the purpose of closing the opening, limiting motion, and relieving 

 pain. Use the slings if the wound is very painful. If the wound 

 is so large that a blister will not close it, the treatment shouhl be 

 as prescribed for an open wound. 



A punctured tendon sheath is treated like a punctured joint. 



CAUSE AND TREATMENT OF SPRAINS. 



Sprains affect muscles, tendons, and ligaments. The fibers of 

 which they are -composed are severely stretched, sometimes torn in 

 serious cases, causing inflammation and subsequent contraction, and, 

 in case of muscles, atroph}- or sweeny (wasting away). 



