MISCELLANEOUS DISEASES, 75 



the food ration should be diminished, and the animal must be given a 

 little exercise in the open air every day to keep him accustomed to 

 the outside temperature. 



GLANDERS AND FARCY. 



Glanders is a contagious constitutional disease of the horse and 

 mule, and may be communicated to man. The disease is due to a 

 germ called " bacillus mallei," and affects the Schneiderian membrane 

 and internal organs. 



When the disease is located in the lymphatic glands situated on the 

 external parts of the body it is called farcy. (Plate XV.) 



Glanders and farcy are one and the same disease. 



It may be acute or chronic. In acute glanders the bacilli enter the 

 blootl and the disease spreads throughout the system. 



Chronic glanders. 



The beginning of chronic glanders is often hidden from view and 

 passes unobserved. 



The first visible symptom is generally a discharge from one or both 

 nostrils of a yellowish green matter of bad aspect; quite frequently 

 it is tinged with blood. 



Then pimples and ulcers are observed upon the Schneiderian mem- 

 brane. The pimples are of short duration; they are soon transformed 

 into ulcere more or less deep, with sawtooth-shaped, thickened edges; 

 these may heal, but will always leave a scar. 



The enlargement' of the Ijnmphatic glands situated in the space 

 between the lower jaw is another important symptom. In the be- 

 ginning the gland is a little sensitive, slightly doughy, and adheres to 

 the base of the tongue or to the lower maxillae; in some subjects it 

 adheres to the skin. In exceptional cases the enlargement of the 

 gland is absent. 



The general health of the animal suffers as the affection progresses; 

 emaciation appears; the hair becomes dull and bristly. 



There is frequently difficulty in breathing, and the patient becomes 

 rapidly fatigued. 



Farcy. 



m 



(Plato XV.) 



Farcy is more rare in the chronic than in the acute form of the dis- 

 ease; its favorite regions are the inner side of the extremities, shoul- 

 ders, neck, chest, and abdomen. 



The pimples and tumors vary from the size of a pea to that of a 

 walnut, or larger; they suppurate and discharge a yellow, sticky 

 liquid of bad aspect. They rarely heal, and if they do a jagged scar 

 remains. 



