104 THE ARMY HORSE IN ACCIDENT AND DISEASE. 



Anesthetics. — Produce loss of consciousness. 



Example: Chloroform. 



Styptics. — Check hemorrhage. 



Example: Tincture of iron. 



Cansiics. — Destroy tissue by burning. 



Examples: Lunar caustic, copper sulphate, etc. 



Expectorants. — Act upon the mucous membrane of the respiratory 

 organs and cause an expulsion of their secretions. 



Example: Chloride of ammonia. 



Stimulants. — Promptly but temporarily increase nervous vigor, 

 thus increasing action of the heart and other functions. 



Examples: Alcohol, ammonia, ether. 



Alteratives. — Correct morbid conditions without causing marked 

 physiological effects. 



Examples: Iodide of potassium, potassium nitrate. 



Astringents. — Contract living tissues. 



Examples: Alum, zinc sulphate, tannic acid. 



Sedatives. — Depress (slow) the nervous system. 



Example: Potas. bromide. 



Anodynes. — ^Relieve pain by diminishing the excitability of nerves 

 and nerve centers. 



Examples: Opium, belladonna. 



Antispasmodics. — Prevent or remove spasmodic contractions of 

 voluntary or involuntary muscles. 



Examples: Belladonna, sulphuric ether. 



Carminatives. — Aid in the expulsion of gas from the intestines by 

 increasing natural movement, stimulating circulation, etc. 



Examples: Capsicum, ginger, aromatic spts. ammonia, sulphuric 

 ether, etc. 



Febrifuges or antipyretics. — Agents which reduce high temperature 

 of the blood; reduce fever. 



Examples: Acetanilid, cold water. 



VETERINARY MEDICINES. 



Acetanilid. — Is a febrifuge and antiseptic. Used internally to 

 lower fever in doses of from 1 . to 4 drams. Used externally as an 

 antiseptic in the form of a dry dressing. 



Acid, arsenious (arsenic). — Is an irritant, corrosive poison, given 

 internally in doses of from 1 to 6 grains as a digestive tonic, and for 

 skin diseases, usually in combination with iron sulphate and gentian. 

 Externally it is used to remove warts, in the form of an ointment, 1 

 part of arsenic to 8 or 10 of lard. 



Acid, horacic. — Action, antiseptic; a saturated solution is very 

 useful in conjunctivitis. With oxide of zinc it makes a very nice 

 diessing for abrasions, scratches, etc. 



