(36 THE ARMY HOESE. 



If the animal breathes with great difficulty, manifested b}^ 

 making a loud, wheezing sound, an opening should be made in 

 his windpipe and the edges of the opening held apart by- 

 inserting a suture in each side, tying the silk ends up over the 

 neck ; or, a tube may be inserted in the opening. This opera- 

 tion is called tracheotomy . 



The sore-throat ijatknt should never he drenched. If the 

 horse should cough while taking medicine in this manner, the 

 liquid might enter the lungs and cause pneumonia. 



Fever may be combatted by cold-water injections into the 

 rectum, 1 to 2 gallons at a time. 



STRANGLES, COMMOXLY CALLED "DISTEMPER." 



Strangles is an acute, infectious disease, and usually attacks 

 3'oung horses. 



Symj^torns. — The disease begins with a high fever, ranging 

 from 104° to 10G° ; a discharge from the nose, at first water}', 

 rapidly becoming thicker, and later assuming a whitish-gray 

 or greenish-yellow color. The glands below the lower jaAv 

 become swollen, hot, and painful ; loss of appetite,- depression, 

 great muscular weakness, and, occasionally, swelling of the 

 hind legs follow. Sometimes a swelling may be found on some 

 portion of the windpij^e or other part of the bodj'. 



Treatment. — Separate the sick animal from the healthy ones 

 and place him in a well-ventilated stall, free from drafts; clean 

 the nostrils frequently : clothe the body according to the season 

 of the year; apply hot poultices to the abscess several times 

 daily, and, as soon as pus is formed, open and wash twice daily. 



Give easily digested food, green fodder, roots, or slops made 

 of bran or steamed oats, and to his drinking water add ^ 

 ounce of saltpeter; do not drench, as the throat in many cases 

 is sore. 



PXEUISrOXIA. 



Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lung structure, and 

 usually runs a course of from seven to ten days. 



Causes. — Among the external causes of the disease are to be 

 particularly mentioned excessive exertion and cold: also care- 

 lessness in giving a drench, particularly if the animal has a 

 sore throat. 



Sy?nptoms. — The first symptom is an intense fever accompa- 

 nied by a chill ; the patient shows great fatigue and muscular 

 weakness; temperature ranges from 103° to 107°, the appetite 



