DRUGS. 



The extract Akakia is described by both Hippocrates and Dioscorides. 

 The Shittim-tree of the Bible is supposed to have been an Acacia. See. 

 also " Gums and Resins," " Tans," and " Woods." 



Acacia Catechu. Will. Medicinal Acacia. 



Linn. Syst. Polygamia Monoecia. 



The extract of the wood, Catechu. 



Vernacular. The tree, Khadira, Sans. K'hayar, Hind. Khuera, 

 Hind, and Beng. Kair, Khadera, By. Wothalay, Tarn. Podeel- 

 maum, Tel. Khehiree, Cey. Shabin, Pegu. The extract, Kat, 

 Kuth, Khuer, Vulg. 



Habitat. The East and West Indies. . 



Remarks. Catechu is manufactured in different parts of India ; and 

 substances analogous to it are obtained from various trees in India and 

 elsewhere, as from the leaves of Uncaria Gambir in Siam, and the kernels 

 of Areca Catechu in the Deccan. Remarks on these will be made 

 elsewhere. There is no reference made to Catechu in ancient authors, 

 although the \VKIOV Ivfaicbv of Dioscorides was thought to be this article, 

 until Royle apparently proved it to be the extract of certain Himalayan 

 Barberries. Garcias therefore is the first known writer who mentions this 

 plant. See " Tans," and " Woods." 



Agati grandiflora. Desa. 



Linn. Syst. Diadelphia Decandria. 



The bark. 



Vernacular. Ayastia, Bvka, Sans. Buka-ayusta, Beng. Augusta, 

 By. Agati> Tarn, and Mai. Anisay, Tel. 



Habitat. India. 

 Remarks. See " Fruits and Vegetables," and "Gums and Resins." 



Alhagi maurorum. Tourn. Prickly- stem Hedysarum. 



Linn. Syst. Diadelphia Decandria. 



The sugar, Persian Manna. 



Vernacular. The plant, Girikarniko, Tella-yiniya-chettu, Tel. Khar- 

 i-shutur, Jaursa, Afghan. Al-yul, Arab. The sugar, Turunjabeen, 

 Arab, and Pers. Juwansa, Shuturkai, Ooshturkhar, Hind. 



Habitat. Bokhara, Persia, Egypt, India. 



Remarks. The sugar is secreted apparently only in Persia and 

 Bokhara. The plant is said to be the "Occhus" of Pliny, and the 

 " uKavda cv 'Apia " of Theophrastus. Sprengel w r ould believe it also to 

 be the " thorn" of Proverbs xxiv. v. 31. See above N, O. 25, and also 

 " Sugars." 

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