DRUGS. 



Remarks. First described by Van Rhecde. He figures also (Part 5, 

 Tab. 47) Colubrina asiatica (JV. et A.), N. O. llhamnaceae, under the 

 name of Katapa. See also " Fruits and Vegetables," and " Woods." 



Terminalia chebula* Rox. Oval-leaved Terminalia. 



Linn. Syst. Polygamia Monoecia. 



The fruit, Chebulic Myrobalan. 



Vernacular. Haritika, Sans. Uur, liar-ham, Hulda, Hnra, Urn- 

 bedhur ? Hind. JIuritukee, Beng. Hecrda, Huldah, Dec. 

 Arulay, Mysore. Kodorka, Mai. Kadukai, Tarn. Karakaia, 

 Scinyi-ti(/e/?\. Araloo, Cey. Kayoo-bin, Pegu. Heliluj-kubulee, 

 Arab. Jlelilehkeelan, Pers. The unripe dry fruit is known by 

 tbe following names, Kurkadaga, Sans. Zengi-har t Beng. Sinyi, 

 Tam. Ahlehy-aswud, Arab. Ilelileh-seeah, Pers. 



Habitat. Cabul, India. 



Remarks. First described by Avicenna, and again by Bryenius, 1/th 

 century. Chebulic Myrobalans are used for many purposes in India, and 

 appear in the bazars under so many forms and colours that a tyro might 

 fancy he was dealing with several species. They are arranged into six 

 classes in the " Asiatic Researches," vol. 1 1, page 182, note, viz. 



Ilelileh-zirehy the fruit dried when just formed, and the size of cumin- 

 seed, zeerah. 



JleHleh-jawi, the fruit dried when the size of a barley-corn, jaw. 



Ilelileh-zenyi, the fruit dried when the size of a raisin and black like a 

 negro, zengi. 



Ilelileh-chini, larger than last, and greenish. 



lle/ileh-asfer, the fruit near maturity and yellow, asfer. 



Ileiileh-cabuli, the fruit at full maturity. 



Mature Cabul Myrobalans sell for a rupee apiece in Bombay under the 

 name of Surwarree-hirda. Besides the Myrobalans catalogued under the 

 present natural order, an Emblic Myrobalan is known in modern commerce. 

 These are quite distinct from the ancient myrobalan, the seeds of the 

 Moringa aptera as already noticed, and their Phcenicobalanus, the nut 

 probably of the Down palm of Egypt, Hyphcene thebaica. They have no 

 connection either with the Myrobalanus chebulus of Wesling, the Bala- 

 nites ceyyptiaca of Delile, although the fruit of this tree is commonly 

 mixed up with mature Cabul Myrobalans in Bombay either by accident or 

 fraud. See " Tans," "Fruits and Vegetables," and "Woods." 



N. O. 85. MYRTACE^E. MYRTLEBLOOMS. 

 Careya arborea. Rox. 



Linn. Syst. Monadelphia Polyandria, 



The fruit. 

 34 



