DRUGS. 



N. O. 138. OLEACE^E. OL1VEWORTS. 



Fraxinus rotundifolia. Lam. Round-leaved Manna Ash. 

 Fraxinus Ornus. Linn. European Manna Ash. 



Linn. Sytt. Diandria Monogynia. 



Sweet concrete exudation, Manna. 



Vernacular. Shirkhist, Bombay bazar. 



Habitat. Alpine South Europe ; Sicily, Calabria 1 



Remarks. This substance is said to have been unknown to the ancients, 

 although they are supposed by some to refer to it under the names of 

 Spoo-o/ze'Xt (honey-dew), Rmop&t (honey-oil), and atpo/xcXt (honey-air). 

 Certainly Pliny's description of eloeomeli should satisfy the most sceptical 

 that he means Manna. See N. O. 25, and " Sugars.'* 



Olea? .? 



Linn. Syst. Diandria Monogynia T 



Sweet concrete exudation, Khorassan Manna. 

 Vernacular. Shirkhist t Pers., By. 

 Habitat. Khorassan. 



Remarks. True Shirkhist. It comes from Khorassan, and is supposed 

 by Royle to be produced by an olive. The writer has discovered leaves 

 amongst the balls of Shirkhist which come from Constantinople which 

 certainly belong to a species of olive. See " Sugars." 



N. O. 140. ASCLEPI ADAGES. ASCLEPIADS. 

 Asclepias CUrassavica. W. Curassavian Swallowwort. 



Linn. Sytt. Pentandria Digynia. 



The root. 



_- 



Vernacular ? 



Habitat. West Indies. Quite naturalised in India. 

 Remarks. Is a good emetic and sudorific. 



Calotropis gigantea. R. Brown. Curled-flowered Calotropis. 



Linn. Sytt. Pentandria Digynia. 



The root, bark, inspissated juice, and sugar. 



Vernacular. Arka, Akund, Svaytaurkutn, Sans. Ak, Mudar, Hind. 

 Rowee, By. Tecada t Can. Yercum, Vullerkoo, Tarn. Neela- 

 jeeleeroo, Tel. Moodu-wara t Cey. Maioh, Burmah. Oshmar, 

 Oschar, Arab. Bejd-eloschar t Eminion ? (Kercher) Egypt. White 

 variety, Alarka, Sans. Shwet akund and urka, Beng. Tdla- 

 jelladoo f Tel. The sugar, Sukhur*Qol~a$hur t Vulg. The spirit, 

 Ear, By. 

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