DRUGS. 



N. O. 178. LAURACE.E. LAURELS. 

 Cinnamomuxn Cassia. Blume. 

 Cinnamomum zeylanicum car. Cassia. Nees. 



Linn. Sygt, Enneandria Monogynia. 



The bark, Cassia-lignea. 



Vernacular. Tuj, Hind. Darchini, Dec. Lawunga, Tarn. Dawul- 



hurundu, Cey. Seleekeh, Arab. Ngoo-see, Burmah. Cayooma- 



nis ? Malaya. 

 Habitat. C. Cassia, China, cultivated in Java. C. zeylanicum var. 



Cassia, India. 



Remarks. It is impossible, says Pereira, to determine whether 'this is the 

 Kaa-o-ia of the Greeks. Sprengel states it to be so, and as they also describe 

 a Kivvdptonov, and Kashu is the Malay word for wood, his conjecture is 

 probably correct, although the descriptions in Hippocrates, Theophrastus, 

 and Dioscorides of Cassia, and in Hippocrates, Dioscorides, and Pliny of 

 Cinnamon are vague.. Nearly all the so-called Cinnamon of modern 

 commerce is Cassia. Cassia leaf, Tej-pat, has been thought the 

 paXdpadpov of Dioscorides. The Kiddah of the Bible, in the English 

 version Cassia, is translated 'ipts in the Septuagint, but Cassia both by 

 St. Jerome and Sprengel. Probably every species of Cinnamomum yields 

 Cassia-lignea as stated by Wight. Thus the species which yield Culila- 

 ivan bark or the Clove bark of Eastern Commerce, namely C. Culilawan, 

 Blume, C. rubrum, Blume, (Laurus Caryophyllus, Lour.), C. Sintoc 

 Blume, C. xanthoneuron, Blume, and C. javanicum, Blume, (Laurus, 

 malabathrum, Horsf.), and one of the kinds ofMassoy bark, viz. C. Kiamis, 

 Nees, (C. burmanni, Blume), all no doubt are sources of Cassia, as well 

 as of Culilawan or Clove and Massoy barks. C. zeylanicum var. Cassia 

 is the Laurus Cassia of Linn. Syst. Nat., ed 1760, page 1010. C. Cassia 

 is C. aromaticum, Nees, and Laurus Cinnamomum (Bot. Repos., table 

 595). See " Condiments and Spices." See "Cinnamon," "Tamula- 

 putru," and " Orris-root," below. 



Cinnamomum iners. Rein. 



Linn. Syst. Enneandria Monogynia. 



The leaf. 



Vernacular. Dar-chini, Hind. Coat-carva t Mai. Pachchaku t Tel, 



Habitat. Concans, Malabar. 



Cinnamomum loureirii. Nees. 



Linn. Syst. Enneandria Monogynia. 



The dry, immature flower-bud, Cassia flowers. 

 Vernacular. Kio-kiu, China. Ni-kei, Japan. 

 Habitat. Cochin China, Japan. 



Remarks. This is the Laurus Cinnamomum of Louieiro, 

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