DRUGS. 



having the power to drown all care, was a secret wnich the Theban 

 women made their glory ; and, as Homer tells us, the Egyptians were 

 emphatically a nation of druggists. It is clear, then, that of all the 

 ancients they must have known opium ; and as to this day the Somniferous 

 Poppy is known as Papaver Thebaicum, Confection of Opium as Confectio 

 Thebaica, and Tincture of Opium or Laudanum as Tinctura Thebaica, 

 there can be little doubt that whatever other ingredients Helen's bowl may 

 have contained, the active principle in it was Opium in one shape or 

 another. Elecampane or Enula-campana, is the root of Inula Helenium 

 (W.) which is said to have- derived its name from the use made of it by 

 Helen, and by others to have sprung from her tears. The roots may be 

 found in the bazaar under the names of Ulaneeyoon, Ussul-ul-rasun, Arab, 

 and Beykh-zunje-beel-shamee, Pers. The Arabic name Kirinub through 

 the Dutch corruption Hennep is the origin of the English word Hemp. 

 Burchell, Du Chaillu, and Burton all testify to the use of Hemp as a 

 narcotic in South and Central Africa. See " Narcotics." 



N. O. 207. PIPERACE^E. PtiPPERWORTS. 

 Chavica rOXburghii. Mig. Long Pepper. 



Linn, Syst. Diandria Trigynia. 



The dry immature fruit, Long Pepper ; and the root. 

 Vernacular. Pippuli, Krishna-pippuli ? Sans. Pippul, Pilpul, Fel- 



fldrazy Hind. Pipilie, Dec. Tipilie, Tarn. ey. Peepal t Pip- 



puloo, Tel. Tippili, Cey. Darfilfil, Arab. Filfildraz, Pers. 



Peik-khyen, Burmah. Chabai-jawa, Tabee, Malaya. The root, 



Pippula moola, India. 



Habitat. India. 



Remarks. f Probably the n-cVepi paKpbv of Dioscorides. Peepul is also 

 the name of the familiar Vrostigma religiosa. See "Condiments and 



Spices." 



.^ 



Cubeba officinalis. Mig. 



Linn. Syst. Diandria Trigynia. 



The berry, Cubebs. 



Vernacular. Sugandha-muricha, Sans. Timmue f Nepal. Cubab- 



chinee, Hind., Dec. Dumkee mirchie, Hind. Komoonkoos, Mai. 



Fal-mellaffhoOyT&m. Salavamirrialoo,Tel.' Wal-gummeris, Cey. 



Kubabeh, Arab. Kibabeh, Pers. Kurfiyoon, Yonanee. Sinban- 



karawa, Burmah. Komoon-koos, Malaya. 



Habitat. Bantam. Cultivated in Lower Java. 



Remarks. Pereira believes this article to be the fivpriSavov of Hippo- 

 crates "for \stly, the remedy termed pvpridavov is distinguished from 

 pepper (neTrept) and is said to be a round Indian fruit which the Persians 

 call pepper; 2ndly, the modern Greek (Pharma. Graca, Athenis, 1837) 

 80 



