AGRICULTURAL PRODUCECEREALS. 



Remarks. According to Fraas, the ^Xivos of Theophrastus, 

 17 i*f\ivrj of Dioscorides, and Panicum of Pliny. Others refer all these to 

 Panicum miliaceum. 



Sorghum VUlgare. Pers. Indian Millet. 



Linn. Syst. Triandria Digynia. 



Vernacular. Zooma, Sans. Joar, Jaundri, Kurbi (stalk), Hind. 

 Yoar, Kangra. Jowaree, Jondla, Dec. Jolah, Can. Chavela y 

 Mai. Cholum, Tarn. Jonna, Jonnalo, Ramudi-talambralu, Tel. 

 Taam, Arab. Kaydee, Durra, Egypt. 



Habitat ? The East Indies ? Cultivated widely over southern Asia 

 and tropical Africa and America. 



Remarks. This is synonymous with Holcus Sorghum, Linn., and in- 

 cludes H. Durra, Forsk., S. rubrum, W., and S. nigrum, Rox. ; and 

 should probably include Andropogon saccharatus, Rox. and its varieties. 

 Sprengel believes it to be alluded to in Exod. ix. 32 ; by Theophrastus in his 

 chapter on Cereals, Book iv. ch. 8, and by Herodotus, Book i. ch. 19.3, 

 where he describes tbe vegetable products of Babylonia. It is undoubtedly 

 the " Indian Millet" of Pliny, with tufts called phobce, and is described 

 also in Serapion, and by Fuchsius amongst the fathers of botany. 



Triticum aestivum. Rox. Summer Wheat. 



Linn. Syst. Triandria Digynia. 



Vernacular. Godhooma, Soomuna, Sans. Gom, Beng. Gioon, Hind. 

 Rank? Gih? Sindh. Gawn, Guz. Mar-ghoom, Ghawut-ghoom, 

 By. Godumbay-arisee, Tarn. Godoomaloo, Tel. Burr, Arab. 

 Gandum, Pers. Kumh ? Egypt. Gendoom, Malaya. 



Habitat. 1 Baschkir's country ? Cultivated in favourable localities 

 in Hindoostan and the Deccan during the cold season. 



Remarks. Wheat is referred to in Deuteronomy viii. 8, but whether 

 Summer or Winter, or Common Wheat , cannot well be said. Theophras- 

 tus refers to both Triticum hybernum t Kunth, and Summer Wheat t nvpos 

 Xeip.oo-7Topovp.evos Kal rpip.r)vos. 



Zea Mays. Linn. Common Indian Corn. 



Linn. Syst. Monoecia Triandria. 



Vernacular. Yavanala, Sans. Mokka, Bhuta, Hind. Chulee, Ko- 

 kree, Kangra. Mukka-cholum, Tarn. Mokka-jonna, Mokka-jon- 

 nalu, Tel. Muwa-iringu, Cey. Bajri, Pers. Jaggon, Malaya. 



Habitat. Tropical America. Cultivated now throughout the tropics. 

 Remarks. Fraas identifies this with grains described by the Greeks : 

 but how could they have known a peculiarly American plant ? Undoubt- 

 edly Tragus, circa 1550, is the first who notices it. 

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